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. 2024 Jan 24;4:12005. doi: 10.3389/adar.2024.12005

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Copyright © 2024 Vigorito and Chang.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Representative components of the pain system identified in the narrative review and the 3 dimensions of physical and psychological pain [55]. Abbreviations: PAG, periaqueductal Gray; PB, parabrachial nucleus; EWcp, centrally-projecting Edinger-Westphal nucleus; NTS, nucleus of the solitary tract; LC, locus coeruleus; BBB, blood brain barrier; IC, insular cortex; PVN, hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus; BNST, bed nucleus of the stria terminalis; central (CeA) and medial (MeA) nucleus of the amygdala; NA, nucleus accumbens; VTA, ventral tegmental area; mPFC, medial prefrontal cortex; ACC, anterior cingulate cortex.