Table 3.

Assumptions for variables of the causal graph

Variable	Type	Encoding	Cardinality	Order
Treatments T	Categorical	One-hot vector	$T\in {\left\{\mathrm{0,\; 1}\right\}}^2$	$N~\mathrm{O}\left({10}^3\right)$
Images O	Two dimensional	Continuous pixel intensities in a matrix	$O\in R^{W\times H}$	$W\times H~{10}^4$
Phenotypes Y	Latent variable	Continuous multidimensional vector	$Y\in R^M$	$M~\mathrm{O}\left({10}^2\right)$
Batches C	Categorical	One-hot vector	$T\in {\left\{\mathrm{0,\; 1}\right\}}^K$	$K~\mathrm{O}\left({10}^2\right)$