. 2024 Feb 21;4:24. doi: 10.1038/s43856-024-00440-y

Table 7.

Frequently reported symptoms by time between testing and survey receipt (n = 2539)

	3–9 months (n = 765)					10–12 months (n = 1073)					More than 12 months (n = 701)
	COVID-19 test result					COVID-19 test result					COVID-19 test result
Symptomw	Positive		Negative		Odds Ratio	Positive		Negative		Odds ratio	Positive		Negative		Odds ratio
	N^a	%	N^a	%	[95% CI]	N^a	%	N^a	%	[95% CI]	N^a	%	N^a	%	[95% CI]
General symptoms
Fatigue/Tiredness	247	58.7	129	38.4	2.29 [1.64–3.21]	422	60.9	173	46.8	1.78 [1.34–2.35]	159	56.2	159	38.4	2.25 [1.59–3.20]
Muscle & body aches	167	39.7	83	24.9	2.11 [1.48–3.03]	240	34.9	95	25.7	1.52 [1.12–2.07]	106	37.5	102	24.6	1.82 [1.25–2.65]
Joint pains	158	37.5	80	24.1	2.12 [1.48–3.04]	238	34.6	85	23.0	1.83 [1.34–2.52]	101	35.7	98	23.7	2.24 [1.52–3.32]
Shortness of breath	130	30.8	56	16.7	2.14 [1.46–3.17]	211	30.6	55	14.9	2.43 [1.72–3.46]	87	31.0	47	11.4	4.16 [2.65–6.65]
Cough	118	28.2	62	18.5	1.49 [1.01–2.21]	170	24.8	66	17.9	1.57 [1.12–2.21]	69	24.6	87	21.0	1.25 [0.82–1.89]
Brain & nervous system
Headaches	207	50.1	116	35.4	1.74 [1.24–2.44]	328	49.2	150	41.6	1.32 [0.99–1.75]	138	50.5	138	34.2	1.69 [1.17–2.44]
Concentration problems	210	50.2	99	30.1	2.70 [1.92–3.83]	343	51.2	107	29.6	2.49 [1.86–3.36]	135	48.9	105	26.0	2.58 [1.79–3.74]
Memory problems	173	41.6	69	20.9	2.98 [2.08–4.32]	264	39.4	75	20.8	2.41 [1.76–3.33]	97	35.3	71	17.6	2.26 [1.53–3.37]
General weakness	122	29.3	54	16.5	2.06 [1.39–3.09]	178	26.6	55	15.2	2.17 [1.53–3.14]	69	25.1	61	15.1	1.83 [1.18–2.84]
Dizziness	104	25.1	56	17.0	1.56 [1.04–2.34]	165	24.8	53	14.7	1.90 [1.33–2.74]	63	22.7	58	14.4	1.73 [1.12–2.68]
Balance problems	99	24.1	55	16.8	1.89 [1.25–2.87]	158	23.5	44	12.2	2.37 [1.61–3.54]	47	17.0	58	14.4	1.57 [0.97–2.53]
Mental well-being
Difficulty sleeping	219	52.8	131	39.7	1.67 [1.20–2.32]	342	51.0	158	44.3	1.21 [0.91–1.60]	144	52.4	167	42.2	1.30 [0.91–1.84]
Anxiety	216	51.9	138	41.9	1.55 [1.09–2.20]	333	50.0	174	48.7	0.92 [0.69–1.24]	142	51.8	162	40.8	1.26 [0.88–1.80]
Depression	173	41.8	99	29.9	1.90 [1.34–2.72]	253	37.7	122	34.0	1.07 [0.79–1.46]	88	32.1	117	29.5	0.91 [0.62–1.34]
Ears, nose, and throat
Congested nose	180	43.0	95	28.4	1.81 [1.29–2.55]	240	35.2	125	33.8	1.09 [0.82–1.45]	91	32.4	127	30.9	1.02 [0.71–1.47]
Ringing in ears	104	24.9	69	21.4	1.30 [0.89–1.92]	163	24.1	72	19.6	1.23 [0.88–1.72]	72	25.6	73	17.8	1.91 [1.27–2.90]
Heart or circulation
Irregular heartbeats	96	23.0	41	12.5	2.42 [1.57–3.89]	172	25.5	51	13.9	1.95 [1.37–2.81]	70	25.1	61	15.0	1.85 [1.21–2.85]
Leg pain when walking	102	24.6	50	15.2	2.13 [1.41–3.27]	153	22.6	45	12.3	2.11 [1.45–3.14]	55	19.8	50	12.3	1.70 [1.05–2.77]
Eyes or vision
Dry eyes	123	29.6	80	24.2	1.63 [1.13–2.36]	185	27.2	96	26.4	1.11 [0.81–1.53]	74	26.9	85	20.8	1.72 [1.15–2.58]
Stomach or digestion
Heartburn (reflux)	120	28.9	62	18.7	1.82 [1.25–2.67]	178	26.4	73	19.9	1.45 [1.04–2.02]	73	26.4	84	20.7	1.17 [0.78–1.76]

^aResponder (Reported yes symptom); Odds ratio and 95% confidence interval by Logistic Regression adjusted for age, sex, BMI, vaccine status, race/ethnicity, CCI, and time after COVID-19 test, respectively.