Fig. 3.

Juxtaposition of total and effective LV stroke volume (LVSV_tot, LVSV_eff), LV forward stroke volume (LVSV_forward), regurgitant volume through the aortic, mitral valve and both valves (RegVol_AR, RegVol_MR, RegVol_tot) as well as regurgitant fraction at the aortic and mitral valve (RF_AR, RF_MR) and total regurgitant fraction of both defects (RF_tot). The numerical example represents acute alterations as seen in valvular destruction due to endocarditis without chronic compensation mechanisms. The impact of MR severity by conventional assessment is underestimated in comparison to AR severity (see red numbers). AR aortic regurgitation, MR mitral regurgitation