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. 2024 Feb 8;15:1302154. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1302154

TABLE 6.

ITS results for drug expenditures in outpatient setting.

Categories Coef 95% CI p
Total drug expenditures
Level change,β2 31.11 (12.45, 49.76) 0.003**
Trend change,β3 −0.74 (-3.07, 1.60) 0.541
Durbin-Watson,d 2.03
Bid-winning drug expenditures
Level change,β2 1.31 (1.03, 1.59) <0.001***
Trend change,β3 0.04 (0.00, 0.07) 0.049*
Durbin-Watson,d 1.94
Non-winning drug expenditures
Level change,β2 11.30 (3.34, 19.27) 0.010*
Trend change,β3 −1.06 (-2.05, −0.07) 0.046*
Durbin-Watson,d 2.10
Non-VBP drug expenditures
Level change,β2 18.13 (7.02, 29.25) 0.004**
Trend change,β3 0.28 (-1.13, 1.68) 0.702
Durbin-Watson,d 2.00

Abbreviations: Coef., coefficient; SE, standard error; CI, confidence interval.

*p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001.