Fig. 6. PDAC exosomes are enriched in circulation and are taken up by specific cell types in the kidneys and lungs.

Representative confocal microscopy images of PDAC CD63⁺ Exos (green) accumulation in the kidneys (Megalin, Aquaporin-2 and Podoplanin positive cells in red) or lungs (Uteroglobin, Podoplanin and TTF1 positive cells in red) of KPF CD63-mCherry mice at a early PDAC stages or b late PDAC stages. Nuclei were counterstained with hoechst (blue). Scale bar 20 μm. Experiments performed in a total of 3 mice. c Nanoparticle tracking analysis of the small EVs population isolated from the pancreas of healthy (n = 9, wild-type n = 3, Panc-CD63-mCherry n = 3 and Panc-ExoBow n = 3) or PDAC mice (PKT, n = 5) according to Crescitelli et al.⁵³. Two-tailed Mann–Whitney test, p = 0.0005. Data are Mean ± SEM. d Nanoparticle tracking analysis of the exosomes found in serum of healthy (wild-type, n = 8) or PDAC mice (PKT, n = 5). Two-tailed Mann–Whitney test, p = 0.0016. Data are Mean ± SEM. e Image stream analysis of CD63-XFP in exosomes isolated from serum of mice at an early PDAC stage (CD63-mTFP, left) and a late PDAC stage (CD63-mCherry, right). Experiment repeated in a total of 2 and 3 mice, respectively. Scale bar 10 μm. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.