Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of the study population, Tehran lipid and glucose study
| Variables | Whole population (n = 4594) |
2hPG ≤ FPG (n = 1352) |
2hPG > FPG (n = 3242) |
P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Continuous variables | ||||
| Age, year | 42.1 (9.3) | 40.8 (9.0) | 42.6 (9.3) | < 0.01 |
| BMI, kg/m 2 | 26.9 (4.4) | 25.9 (4.4) | 27.3 (4.3) | < 0.01 |
| SBP, mmHg | 115.1 (15.7) | 113.0 (14.8) | 115.9 (16.0) | < 0.01 |
| DBP, mmHg | 76.7 (10.2) | 75.2 (10.1) | 77.3 (10.2) | < 0.01 |
| FPG, mmol/L | 4.85 (0.38) | 4.89 (0.36) | 4.83 (0.38) | < 0.01 |
| 2hPG, mmol/L | 5.47 (1.17) | 4.10 (0.68) | 6.04 (0.80) | < 0.01 |
| 2hPG-FPG, mmol/L | 0.62 (1.16) | -0.78 (0.65) | 1.21 (0.76) | < 0.01 |
| TC, mmol/L | 5.30 (1.12) | 5.20 (1.12) | 5.35 (1.11) | < 0.01 |
| HDL-C, mmol/L | 1.07 (0.28) | 1.07 (0.29) | 1.08 (0.28) | 0.86 |
| HOMA-IR* | 1.70 (0.90) | 1.56 (0.83) | 1.75 (0.93) | < 0.01 |
| HOMA-B* | 127.06 (121.01) | 133.77 (135.14) | 110.43 (72.85) | < 0.01 |
| Categorical variables | ||||
| Smoking (current, %) | 786 (17.1) | 308 (22.8) | 478 (14.7) | < 0.01 |
| Education (%) | < 0.01 | |||
| < 6 years | 722 (15.7) | 227 (16.8) | 495 (15.3) | |
| 6–12 years | 2567 (34.1) | 805 (59.5) | 1762 (54.3) | |
| > 12 years | 1305 (28.4) | 320 (23.7) | 985 (30.4) | |
| Hypercholesterolemia (yes, %) | 2379 (51.8) | 634 (46.9) | 1745 (53.8) | < 0.01 |
| Hypertension (yes, %) | 651 (14.1) | 147 (10.9) | 504 (15.5) | < 0.01 |
| Anti-hypertensive drug use (yes, %) | 157 (3.4) | 28 (2.1) | 129 (4.0) | < 0.01 |
| Lipid-lowering drug use (yes, %) | 81 (1.8) | 16 (1.2) | 65 (2.0) | 0.07 |
BMI: body mass index; SBP: systolic blood pressure; DBP: diastolic blood pressure; FPG: fasting plasma glucose; 2hPG: 2-hour post-challenge glucose; HOMA-IR: Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance; HOMA-B: Homeostasis Model Assessment of Beta-cell function; TC: total cholesterol; HDL-C: high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; SD: standard deviation; IQR: interquartile range
Data are shown as mean (SD) for continuous variables or number (percent) for categorical variables
* In a subsample of the study population with insulin data, 2432 normoglycemic individuals