Table 3.
Risk of autoimmune disease by ANA status.
| Positive ANA n = 991 |
Negative or no ANA n = 991 |
Adjusted risk ratio (95% CI) |
|
|---|---|---|---|
| Any autoimmune disease | 119 (12.000%) | ≤10 (1.009%) | 11.90 (6.28–22.55) |
| Systemic lupus erythematosus | 28 (2.825%) | 0 (0%) | – |
| Rheumatoid arthritis | 32 (3.229%) | ≤10 (1.009%) | 3.20 (1.58–6.47) |
| Mixed connective tissue disease | 19 (1.917%) | 0 (0%) | – |
| Sjögren’s syndrome | 17 (1.715%) | 0 (0%) | – |
| Cutaneous vasculitis | ≤10 (1.009%) | 0 (0%) | – |
| Hypersensitivity angiitis | ≤10 (1.009%) | 0 (0%) | – |
| Autoimmune thyroiditis | ≤10 (1.009%) | 0 (0%) | – |
| Graves’ disease | ≤10 (1.009%) | 0 (0%) | – |
| Crohn’s disease | ≤10 (1.009%) | 0 (0%) | – |
| Celiac disease | ≤10 (1.009%) | 0 (0%) | – |
| Polymyalgia rheumatica | ≤10 (1.009%) | 0 (0%) | – |
| Idiopathic inflammatory myopathies | ≤10 (1.009%) | 0 (0%) | – |
| Autoimmune hepatitis | ≤10 (1.009%) | 0 (0%) | – |
| Systemic sclerosis | ≤10 (1.009%) | 0 (0%) | – |
| Type 1 diabetes mellitus | ≤10 (1.009%) | ≤10 (1.009%) | 1 (0.42–2.39) |
| Ulcerative colitis | ≤10 (1.009%) | ≤10 (1.009%) | 1 (0.42–2.39) |
| Psoriasis | ≤10 (1.009%) | ≤10 (1.009%) | 1 (0.42–2.39) |
| Sarcoidosis | ≤10 (1.009%) | ≤10 (1.009%) | 1 (0.42–2.39) |
| Axial or peripheral spondylitis | ≤10 (1.009%) | ≤10 (1.009%) | 1 (0.42–2.39) |
| Polyarteritis nodosa | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | – |
| CNS arteritis | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | – |
| Reactive arthritis | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | – |
| ANCA associated vasculitis | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | – |
| Adult-onset Still’s disease | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | – |
Groups are matched by propensity score. Propensity scoring included age, male sex, and female sex. People with any prevalent autoimmune diseases or positive ANA test prior to or within 1 month after the index date were excluded from this analysis prior to propensity score matching.
ANA, antinuclear antibody; CNS, central nervous system; ANCA, anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies.