Table 2. Spatial–temporal gait parameters and respective variabilities.
The one-way repeated ANOVA measure without adding preferred walking speed was used to investigate the effect of treadmill-induced perturbations with/without full vision support on step length, step length variability, step width, and step width variability. The post-hoc comparisons were corrected by Bonferroni correction.
| Norm | Slip | Slip_Vision Blocked | Effect | Norm vs. Slip | Slip vs. Slip_Vision Blocked | Norm vs. Slip_Vision Block | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Step length (mm) | 578.73 (68.27) | 572.71 (69.62) | 574.92 (75.24) | F = 0.258, p = 0.775 | NA | NA | NA |
| Step length variability (%) | 3.76 (0.88) | 7.33 (2.21) | 7.65 (1.36) | F = 52.208, p < 0.001 | p < 0.001 | NS | p < 0.001 |
| Step width (mm) | 116.81 (28.61) | 120.75 (24.48) | 130.01 (25.48) | F = 18.462, p < 0.001 | NS | p < 0.001 | p < 0.001 |
| Step width variability (mm) | 14.33 (2.76) | 16.00 (3.88) | 19.27 (3.62) | F = 31.152, p < 0.001 | p = 0.02 | p = 0.001 | p < 0.001 |
Notes.
- Norm
- the control condition, walking normally with their preferred walking speed on the treadmill;
- Slip
- the treadmill-induced perturbation with full vision condition, walking on the varied-treadmill-belt-speeds with full vision support
- Slip_VisionBlocked
- the treadmill-induced perturbation without full vision condition, walking on the varied-treadmill-belt-speeds without full visual support
- NA
- not available, the effect of different conditions did not reach the statistical significance
- NS
- not significant
Data are shown as mean (standard deviation).