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. 2023 Dec 15;16(1):10–39. doi: 10.1038/s44321-023-00003-z

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© The Author(s) 2023

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ applies to the data associated with this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data, but does not extend to the graphical or creative elements of illustrations, charts, or figures. This waiver removes legal barriers to the re-use and mining of research data. According to standard scholarly practice, it is recommended to provide appropriate citation and attribution whenever technically possible.

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(A) Relative luciferase activities in HEK293 cells transfected with ERα expression plasmid, ERE-tk-luc, pRL-tk, and the indicated expression plasmids in the presence or absence of E2 (100 nM). The expression of MYSM1 was detected by western blot. (B) MYSM1 increases ERα AF1 and ERα AF2 mediated transcriptional activity. MCF-7 cells were transfected with ERα full length or truncated mutants harboring ERα AF-1 or ERα AF-2 with or without MYSM1 expression. (C) The effect of a domain-defective mutation of MYSM1 (ΔMPN, ΔSANT, and ΔSWIRM) on luciferase activity in dual-luciferase reporter system transfected HEK293 cells. The expression of MYSM1 and its truncated mutants were examined with anti-FLAG by western blot. (D) qPCR analysis to determine the transcript amounts of certified ERα target genes in MCF-7 cells with MYSM1-depleted. (E, F) Immunoblot of ERα target gene expression using the indicated antibodies in MYSM1-depleted MCF-7 cells (E) and MYSM1-overexpressed MCF-7 cells (F) with or without E2 (100 nM) treatment for 16-18 h (n = 3 independent experiments). (G) The loss of ERα and its target genes in MYSM1-depleted MCF-7 cells can be rescued by ectopic ERα expression. MCF-7 cells were transfected with control siRNA (siCtrl) or siRNA specific against MYSM1 (siMYSM1) followed by PcDNA3.1/ERα expression plasmid. (H) Western blot detecting the protein levels of ERα and its target genes in MYSM1-depleted MCF-7 cells transfected with PcDNA3.1/MYSM1/MYSM1-ΔMPN expression plasmids. Data information: Results in (A–H) are representatives of three independent experiments performed in duplicate. (A–D): *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001 and N.S. stands for no significance (mean ± SD. Student’s t test). Source data are available online for this figure.