Fig. 7.
C. parvum attachment to host-cell membrane activates c-Src/PI-3K pathways to induce actin remodeling at the parasite-attachment site. C. parvum also recruits host-cell SGLT1 and AQP1 to the attachment site and generates a localized water influx. This localized water influx facilitates membrane protrusion and thus benefits C. parvum cellular invasion.