Table 2.
Associations between sample characteristics and acne incidence (n = 350).
| Variable | Frequency (%) N = 350 |
Students with acne Frequency (%) n = 283 |
Students without acne Frequency (%) n = 67 |
P value (Chi-squared test) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age | 0.072 | |||
| < 20 | 72 (20.6%) | 60 (21.2%) | 12 (17.9%) | |
| 20–23 | 242 (69.1%) | 199 (70.3%) | 43 (64.2%) | |
| > 23 | 36 (10.3%) | 24 (8.5%) | 12 (17.9%) | |
| BMI | 0.206 | |||
| Underweight | 25 (7.1%) | 22 (7.8%) | 3 (4.5%) | |
| Normal weight | 221 (63.1%) | 178 (62.9%) | 43 (64.2%) | |
| Overweight | 81 (23.1%) | 68 (24.0%) | 13 (19.4%) | |
| Obesity | 23 (6.6%) | 15 (5.3%) | 8 (11.9%) | |
| Sleeping hours | 0.812 | |||
| 4–6 | 112 (32.0%) | 89 (31.4%) | 23 (34.3%) | |
| 7–9 | 210 (60.0%) | 172 (60.8%) | 38 (56.7%) | |
| 10–12 | 26 (7.4%) | 20 (7.1%) | 6 (9%) | |
| > 12 | 2 (0.6%) | 2 (0.7%) | 0 (0.0%) | |
| Study year | 0.104 | |||
| First year | 42 (12.0%) | 37 (13.1%) | 5 (7.5%) | |
| Second year | 38 (10.9) | 29 (10.2%) | 9 (13.4%) | |
| Third year | 34 (9.7%) | 32 (11.3%) | 2 (3%) | |
| Fourth year | 61 (17.4%) | 44 (15.5%) | 17 (25.4%) | |
| Fifth year | 90 (25.7%) | 74 (26.1%) | 16 (23.9%) | |
| Sixth year | 85 (24.3%) | 67 (23.7%) | 18 (26.9%) | |
| Gender | < 0.001 | |||
| Male | 97 (27.7%) | 66 (23.3%) | 31 (46.3%) | |
| Female | 253 (72.3%) | 217 (76.7%) | 36 (53.7%) | |
| Chronic diseases | > 0.99 | |||
| Yes | 15 (4.3%) | 12 (4.2%) | 3 (4.5%) | |
| No | 335 (95.7%) | 271 (95.8%) | 64 (95.5%) | |
| Smoking | 0.017 | |||
| Yes | 47 (13.4%) | 32 (11.3%) | 15 (22.4%) | |
| No | 303 (86.6%) | 251 (88.7%) | 52 (77.6%) | |
| Skin type | 0.024 | |||
| Oily | 142 (33.1%) | 123 (43.5%) | 19 (28.4%) | |
| Other type | 208 (66.9%) | 160 (56.5%) | 48 (71.6%) | |
| Current mental and emotional status | 0.397 | |||
| Stressful | 173 (49.7%) | 143(50.5%) | 30(44.8%) | |
| Not stressful | 177 (50.3%) | 140(49.5%) | 37(55.2%) | |
| Dairy | 0.007 | |||
| Yes | 161 (46.0%) | 140(49.5%) | 21(31.3%) | |
| No | 189 (54.0%) | 143(50.5%) | 46(68.7%) | |
| Sweets | < 0.001 | |||
| Yes | 164 (46.9%) | 146(51.6%) | 18(26.9%) | |
| No | 186 (53.1%) | 137(48.4%) | 49(73.1%) | |
| Nuts | 0.491 | |||
| Yes | 133 (38.0%) | 110(38.9%) | 23(34.3%) | |
| No | 217 (62.0%) | 173(61.1%) | 44(65.7%) | |
| Chocolate | < 0.001 | |||
| Yes | 161 (46.0%) | 144(50.9%) | 17(25.4%) | |
| No | 189 (54.0%) | 139(49.1%) | 50(74.6%) | |
| Oily food | 0.006 | |||
| Yes | 178 (50.9%) | 154(54.4%) | 24(35.8%) | |
| No | 172 (49.1%) | 129(45.6%) | 43(64.2%) | |
| Spicy food | 0.215 | |||
| Yes | 111 (31.7%) | 94(33.2%) | 17(25.4%) | |
| No | 239 (68.3%) | 189(66.8%) | 50(74.6%) | |
| Frequent use of cosmetics | 0.184 | |||
| Frequently used | 73 (20.9%) | 63(22.3%) | 10(14.9%) | |
| Not used | 277 (79.1%) | 220(77.7%) | 57(85.1%) |
Significant are in value [bold].