Table 3.
Toughness indices of concrete.
| No. | Code | Deflection (mm) | Load (kN) | Energy at peak load (kN mm) | Fracture energy (kN mm) | Toughness indices | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| I5 | I10 | I20 | ||||||
| 1 | Control (RU0) | 0.16 | 9.21 | 0.75 | 4.83 | 4.3 | 6.2 | 7 |
| 2 | RU5 | 0.17 | 9 | 0.79 | 4.83 | 4.3 | 6.4 | 6.4 |
| 3 | RU15 | 0.18 | 8.81 | 0.8 | 4.82 | 4.3 | 6.3 | 6.3 |
| 4 | RU25 | 0.19 | 8.7 | 0.81 | 4.68 | 4.2 | 5.8 | 6.2 |
| 5 | SF0.5RU0 | 0.25 | 11 | 1.38 | 12.1 | 3.5 | 5.4 | 8.1 |
| 6 | SF0.5RU5 | 0.27 | 10.63 | 1.44 | 11.9 | 3.7 | 5.3 | 7.6 |
| 7 | SF0.5RU15 | 0.32 | 9.2 | 1.47 | 11.1 | 3.7 | 5.3 | 7.5 |
| 8 | SF0.5RU25 | 0.34 | 8.8 | 1.5 | 10.6 | 3.5 | 4.9 | 7.3 |
| 9 | SF1RU0 | 0.3 | 12.09 | 1.81 | 22.1 | 4.2 | 6.6 | 9.7 |
| 10 | SF1RU5 | 0.35 | 11.13 | 1.95 | 21.4 | 4 | 6.4 | 9.7 |
| 11 | SF1RU15 | 0.4 | 11 | 2.2 | 20.8 | 3.9 | 6 | 8.9 |
| 12 | SF1RU25 | 0.45 | 10.85 | 2.44 | 18.8 | 3.7 | 5.5 | 7.6 |
| 13 | SF1.5RU0 | 0.32 | 12.43 | 1.99 | 27.3 | 4.4 | 7.5 | 11.9 |
| 14 | SF1.5RU5 | 0.35 | 11.94 | 2.1 | 25.6 | 4.5 | 7.6 | 11.3 |
| 15 | SF1.5RU15 | 0.42 | 11.64 | 2.44 | 25.0 | 4.3 | 7.2 | 10.1 |
| 16 | SF1.5RU25 | 0.49 | 11.47 | 2.8 | 24.6 | 4.1 | 6.6 | 9.2 |
| 17 | PP0.4RU0 | 0.9 | 10.7 | 4.82 | 8.2 | 1.8 | 2.6 | 2.6 |
| 18 | PP0.4RU5 | 0.97 | 10 | 4.85 | 7.9 | 2.1 | 2.1 | 2.1 |
| 19 | PP0.4RU15 | 1.06 | 9.43 | 4.98 | 7.7 | 1.7 | 1.7 | 1.7 |
| 20 | PP0.4RU25 | 1.14 | 9.27 | 5.29 | 7.4 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 1.4 |
| 21 | SF1PP0.4RU0 | 0.84 | 12.62 | 5.3 | 31.1 | 4 | 5.1 | 5.1 |
| 22 | SF1PP0.4RU5 | 1 | 12.28 | 6.14 | 28.8 | 3.7 | 4.6 | 4.6 |
| 23 | SF1PP0.4RU15 | 1.11 | 11.3 | 6.29 | 24.9 | 3.8 | 4.8 | 4.8 |
| 24 | SF1PP0.4RU25 | 1.18 | 11 | 6.49 | 21.1 | 3.4 | 4.2 | 4.2 |