TABLE 5.
Unadjusted and adjusted modified Poisson regression analyses of the associations between each preoperative SBP dynamical metric and long ICU LOS (>40 h).
| A. Sub-group with STS Risk Score (N = 340) | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Model 0: Unadjusted | Model 1: Age and Sex | Model 2: STS | ||||||||||
| Variable | RR | 95% CI | p value | RR | 95% CI | p value | RR | 95% CI | p value | |||
| BPF (%) | 1.26 | 1.13 | 1.40 | < 0.001 | 1.18 | 1.05 | 1.32 | 0.006 | 1.16 | 1.03 | 1.30 | 0.012 |
| Mean SBP (mmHg) | 1.01 | 0.91 | 1.13 | 0.833 | 0.99 | 0.88 | 1.10 | 0.805 | 1.02 | 0.93 | 1.13 | 0.640 |
| SD (mmHg) | 0.95 | 0.84 | 1.06 | 0.362 | 0.95 | 0.85 | 1.07 | 0.410 | 0.98 | 0.87 | 1.10 | 0.696 |
| CV | 0.93 | 0.83 | 1.05 | 0.225 | 0.95 | 0.84 | 1.06 | 0.341 | 0.95 | 0.85 | 1.06 | 0.380 |
| ARV (mmHg) | 1.11 | 1.01 | 1.22 | 0.035 | 1.06 | 0.97 | 1.17 | 0.196 | 1.06 | 0.97 | 1.16 | 0.220 |
| DFA ⍺1 | 0.88 | 0.79 | 0.98 | 0.021 | 0.95 | 0.85 | 1.07 | 0.377 | 1.00 | 0.88 | 1.12 | 0.941 |
| STS (%) | 1.30 | 1.17 | 1.44 | < 0.001 | ||||||||
| B. Group with EuroSCORE II (N = 378) | ||||||||||||
| Model 0: Unadjusted | Model 1: Age and Sex | Model 2: EuroSCORE II | ||||||||||
| Variable | RR | 95% CI | p value | RR | 95% CI | p value | RR | 95% CI | p value | |||
| BPF (%) | 1.24 | 1.13 | 1.37 | < 0.001 | 1.18 | 1.06 | 1.32 | 0.003 | 1.15 | 1.03 | 1.28 | 0.010 |
| Mean SBP (mmHg) | 1.03 | 0.93 | 1.15 | 0.569 | 1.01 | 0.91 | 1.12 | 0.817 | 1.04 | 0.94 | 1.15 | 0.406 |
| SD (mmHg) | 0.96 | 0.86 | 1.07 | 0.470 | 0.96 | 0.87 | 1.07 | 0.497 | 0.98 | 0.88 | 1.09 | 0.654 |
| CV | 0.94 | 0.84 | 1.05 | 0.252 | 0.95 | 0.85 | 1.05 | 0.320 | 0.95 | 0.85 | 1.05 | 0.306 |
| ARV (mmHg) | 1.11 | 1.02 | 1.21 | 0.018 | 1.08 | 0.99 | 1.18 | 0.086 | 1.06 | 0.97 | 1.16 | 0.195 |
| DFA ⍺1 | 0.86 | 0.78 | 0.95 | 0.004 | 0.91 | 0.82 | 1.01 | 0.079 | 0.97 | 0.87 | 1.08 | 0.565 |
| EuroSCORE II (%) | 1.30 | 1.19 | 1.42 | < 0.001 | ||||||||
Values presented are the relative risk and 95% CI, for standardized variables. Separate models were fitted for each of the different BPV, indicators. The adjustments were age and sex in Model 1, and STS, or EuroSCORE II, in Model 2. Statistically significant p values are highlighted in bold. Abbreviations: ARV, average real variability; BPF, blood pressure fragmentation; CI, confidence interval; CV, coefficient of variation; DFA, detrended fluctuation analysis; EuroSCORE, European System for Cardiac Operative Risk Evaluation; ICU, intensive care unit; LOS, length of stay; RR, relative risk; SD, standard deviation; SBP, systolic blood pressure; SD, standard deviation; STS, Society of Thoracic Surgeons.