Table 3.
Spin strategy and location.
| Strategy | Commercially sponsored with spin (n = 15) |
Total | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Abstract |
Manuscript |
||||||
| Title | Results | Conclusion | Results | Discussion | Conclusion | ||
| Strategy 1 | |||||||
| Strategy 2 | 5 | 5 | 10 | ||||
| Strategy 3 | 1 | 6 | 1 | 4 | 12 | ||
| Strategy 4 | 4 | 1 | 3 | 8 | |||
| Total | 30 | ||||||
| Strategy | Noncommercially sponsored with spin (n = 9) |
||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Abstract |
Manuscript |
||||||
| Title | Results | Conclusion | Results | Discussion | Conclusion | ||
| Strategy 1 | 2 | 1 | 3 | ||||
| Strategy 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 4 | |||
| Strategy 3 | 5 | 1 | 3 | 9 | |||
| Strategy 4 | 1 | 1 | |||||
| Total | 17 | ||||||
Strategy 1: authors pivoted on statistically significant secondary results in the form of focus on within-group comparisons; Strategy 2: authors interpreted statistically nonsignificant results of the primary outcomes to show treatment equivalence or to rule out an adverse event; Strategy 3: authors emphasized the beneficial effect of the treatment with or without acknowledging the statistically nonsignificant primary outcome; Strategy 4: other/undefined/multiple strategies.