TABLE 3.
Distribution of population characteristics by quintile of PHDI, NHANES 2003–20181
| PHDI quintile |
P value2 | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | ||
| Diet quality score (range) | 18.5–54.0 | 54.5–62.0 | 62.5–69.0 | 69.5–77.0 | 77.5–125.0 | |
| Sex | <0.001 | |||||
| Male | 24.7 (23.6, 25.9) | 22.7 (21.8, 23.7) | 18.3 (17.5, 19.2) | 17.1 (16.2, 18.1) | 17.1 (16.0, 18.2) | |
| Female | 14.6 (13.6, 15.6) | 19.4 (18.4, 20.3) | 20.9 (20.1, 21.8) | 21.4 (20.4, 22.4) | 23.8 (22.4, 25.2) | |
| Age, mean (95% CI) (y) | 43.1 (42.6, 43.7) | 45.7 (45.1, 46.4) | 48.5 (47.8, 49.2) | 50.1 (49.3, 50.9) | 51.3 (50.5, 52.0) | <0.001 |
| Education | <0.001 | |||||
| High school equivalent or lower | 24.4 (23.2, 25.7) | 23.9 (22.8, 25.0) | 20.9 (19.9, 21.9) | 16.9 (16.1, 17.8) | 14.0 (13.0, 15.0) | |
| Some college | 21.1 (19.8, 22.6) | 22.1 (20.8, 23.5) | 19.0 (17.8, 20.2) | 19.2 (18.1, 20.3) | 18.6 (17.2, 20.1) | |
| College degree or greater | 11.3 (10.1, 12.5) | 16.0 (14.7, 17.4) | 18.8 (17.5, 20.1) | 22.7 (21.1, 24.3) | 31.3 (29.4, 33.2) | |
| Income | <0.001 | |||||
| Poverty-to-income ratio <185% | 24.9 (23.6, 26.2) | 23.2 (22.1, 24.4) | 20.0 (19.1, 21.0) | 17.3 (16.4, 18.2) | 14.6 (13.5, 15.8) | |
| Poverty-to-income ratio 185%–399% | 21.1 (19.8, 22.6) | 20.9 (19.7, 22.3) | 19.3 (18.1, 20.4) | 19.3 (17.9, 20.8) | 19.4 (18.1, 20.9) | |
| Poverty-to-income ratio ≥400% | 13.8 (12.6, 15.1) | 19.0 (17.7, 20.3) | 20.0 (18.7, 21.5) | 20.8 (19.5, 22.1) | 26.5 (24.9, 28.1) | |
| Missing income information | 18.2 (15.8, 20.9) | 22.1 (19.5, 25.0) | 18.0 (15.8, 20.4) | 21.2 (18.7, 23.9) | 20.5 (17.7, 23.6) | |
| Race/ethnicity | <0.001 | |||||
| Non-Hispanic White | 17.5 (16.4, 18.6) | 20.6 (19.7, 21.6) | 19.9 (19.1, 20.8) | 20.1 (19.2, 21.1) | 21.8 (20.5, 23.2) | |
| Non-Hispanic Black | 32.6 (30.8, 34.5) | 24.3 (22.9, 25.8) | 18.3 (17.1, 19.4) | 14.5 (13.4, 15.6) | 10.3 (9.2, 11.5) | |
| Hispanic | 20.9 (19.7, 22.1) | 22.5 (21.0, 24.0) | 20.4 (19.0, 21.7) | 19.2 (18.0, 20.5) | 17.1 (15.7, 18.6) | |
| Asian, Multiracial, and Other Non-Hispanic race/ethnicities | 16.1 (14.1, 18.3) | 16.5 (14.7, 18.6) | 18.0 (16.1, 20.2) | 19.2 (17.2, 21.3) | 30.2 (27.5, 32.9) | |
Abbreviation: PHDI, Planetary Health Diet Index.
1
All values are survey-weighted proportion (95% confidence interval) unless otherwise noted.
2
P values are from chi-square tests for the effect at the overall demographic level.