Table 1.

ECHO cohort description.

Cohort	Years of enrollment	Inclusion criteria	Exclusion criteria	Sample size in current analysis
ECHO-NOVI	2014–2016	-Gestational age (GA) less than 30 weeks at birth -Parental ability to read and speak English or Spanish -Residence within 3 hours of the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU)/follow-up clinic	-Major congenital anomalies affecting NNNS administration prior to discharge	567
NICU-HEALTH	Phase 1: 2011–2013 Phase 2: 2015-present	-Birth weight <1500 grams or gestational age 28 through 32–6/7 weeks -Birth at Mount Sinai Hospital during the time period of study enrollment -No diagnosis of genetic or major structural congenital abnormality	-Evidence of perinatal hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy during follow-up	380
ELGAN	2002–2004	-Birth prior to 28 weeks of gestation -Mother gave informed consent -Birth at one of 15 participating medical centers in Illinois, Michigan, North Carolina, Connecticut, or Massachusetts	-Anencephaly	1089

NNNS, NICU Network Neurobehavioral Scale.