Single NP collisions
generated discrete ECL signals: (a) “spike”
and (b) “staircase.” Inset: ECL images of a single NP
during collision events. Exposure time: 0.2 s; scale bars: 2 μm;
constant potential: 1.4 V. Reprinted from ref (85) with permission from the
Royal Society of Chemistry, copyright 2018. (c) Schematic illustration
of the experimental setup utilized for FL imaging of single Ag NP
collision events inside a microfabricated nanocell (nanopipette) (left
column). FL images represent the individual particle collision responses
under different time periods (right column). Reprinted from ref (89) from American Chemical
Society, copyright 2017. (d) A series of images showing the spatial
distribution of ECL intensities on an individual Au nanoplate. Representative
bright-field (a), ECL (b), and corresponding false-color overlay image
(c). Enlarged version of red circled areas (d, g) of the ECL image
(b). Divided regions of flat surface facet (blue), edges (green),
and corners (red) in (e, h) ECL images. Matlab obtained ECL intensities
with a 2D spatial distribution (f, i). ECL intensity gradients (j)
for three recording lines shown in (i). Statistical and box charts
illustrate site-specific ECL intensities. Reprinted from ref (46) with permission from the
Royal Society of Chemistry, copyright 2019.