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. 2024 Feb 23;12:32. doi: 10.1186/s40478-024-01742-x

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© The Author(s) 2024

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

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Fig. 3 — Expression of VAPB or PTPIP51 rescues mutant TDP43 induced disruption to synaptic vesicle release. (a and b) Kinetics of FM 4–64 release from synaptic boutons in cortical neurons transfected with (a) EGFP + CTRL, EGFP + TDP43-Q331K + CTRL or EGFP + TDP43-Q331K + either VAPB or PTPIP51 and (b) EGFP + CTRL, EGFP + TDP43-A382T + CTRL or EGFP + TDP43-A382T + either VAPB or PTPIP51 as indicated. Synaptic vesicle release was induced by treatment with KCl and FM 4–64 signals were determined from images acquired by time-lapse microscopy. Representative FM 4–64 traces are shown on the left; bar charts show F/F0 FM 4–64 fluorescent signals 5 s post KCl treatment. Data were analysed by one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s post hoc test. N = 68–102 boutons in (a) and N = 133–146 boutons in (b) from 3 independent experiments. Error bars are SEM; *** p≤0.001, ns not significant