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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2024 Feb 23.
Published in final edited form as: Intensive Care Med. 2009 Jan 23;35(5):796–809. doi: 10.1007/s00134-009-1396-5

Table 3.

Measurements of depressive symptoms, ordered by follow-up time

Study Past psychiatric illness Instrument Follow-up in months N at follow-up Mean (sd) or Median (IQR) Score Cut-off score Point prevalence
Jackson et al. 2003 [11] Excluded GDS-SF 0
6		 34 5 (3) 6 14%
24%
Samuelson et al. 2007 [12] - HADS 0.16
2		 226 4
1 		11 8%
Jones et al. 2001 [13] 18% HADS 0.5
2		 45
30		 6
6 (5), 4 		-
8		 -
24%
Rattray et al. 2005 [14] - HADS 0.75
6
12		 80
80
80		 7 (4)
5 (4)
5 (4)		 8 36%
26%
27%
Boyle et al. 2004 [15] - CES-D 1
6		 66
52		 19 (10)
14 (10)		 16 61%
34%
Guentner et al. 2006 [16] - CES-D 1.5-11a 30 - 16 57%
Jones et al. 2003 [17] - HADS 2
6		 63, 51b, 114c
58, 44b. 102c 		- 11 12%, 25%b, 18%c
10%, 12%b, 11%c
Weinert et al. 2006 [18] 27%d, 34%e, 33%f CES-D


SCID		 2
6

2		 153
90

134		 11, 8
11, 6

n/a		 16


n/a		 27%
33%

33%g
Young et al. 2005 [19] Excluded HADS 3 20 - 8 15%
Sukantarat et al. 2007 [20] - HADS 3
9		 51
45		 7 (5)
7 (5)		 8 35%
47%
Eddleston et al. 2000 [21] - HADS 3 143 - 8 10%
Chelluri et al. 2004 [22] - CES-D 12 154 12 (11), 8, (4, 20) 16 32%
Kress et al. 2003 [23] 38%, 11%b, 22%c BDI-II 14, 12b 13, 19b, 32c 14 (10), 17 (11)b 17 38%, 53%b, 47%c
Scragg et al. 2001 [24] - HADS 13 (6), 3-21a 80 - 8 30%

Abbreviations (in alphabetical order): BDI-II = Beck Depression Inventory-II; CES-D = Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale; GDS-SF = Geriatric Depression Rating Scale-Short Form; HADS = Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale; IQR = interquartile range; n/a = not applicable; SCID = Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV; sd = standard deviation; “-“ = not reported.

a

range;

b

control group values (for randomized-controlled trials and case-control studies);

c

entire sample;

d

percentage of patients who had a proxy identify them as depressed most of the day for two weeks in the month pre-ICU;

e

percentage of patients who had been seen for psychiatric problems in their lifetime;

f

percentage of patients who had been prescribed an antidepressant medication in the last six months pre-ICU;

g

depressive diagnoses included depressive disorder not otherwise specified (21 patients), single major depressive episode (13 patients), recurrent major depression (3 patients), mood disorder due to a general medical condition (6 patients), and bipolar depression (1 patient).