Table 3:
Lifetime prevalences of disorders in case (OCD-affected) and control probands
| Diagnoses9 | Case probands1 (n=382) |
Control probands2 (n=73) |
χ2/FE 3 p-value |
DP4 | NNH5 | OR6 | 95% CI 7 | AOR8 | 95% CI | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n | % | n | % | ||||||||
| separation anxiety disorder | 81 | 23 | 6 | 8 | 0.006 | 14 | 7 | 3.2 | 1.4-7.7 | 3.2 | 1.4-7.7 |
| panic disorder | 84 | 23 | 1 | 1 | <0.0005 | 21 | 5 | 21 | 2.8-152 | 20 | 2.7-145 |
| agoraphobia | 67 | 18 | 1 | 1 | <0.0005 | 17 | 6 | 15 | 2.1-113 | 15 | 2.1-113 |
| specific phobia | 164 | 44 | 21 | 30 | 0.03 | 14 | 7 | 1.8 | 1.0-3.2 | 2.5 | 1.3-4.7 |
| social phobia | 184 | 50 | 24 | 34 | 0.01 | 16 | 6 | 2.0 | 1.2-3.4 | 2.1 | 1.2-3.7 |
| generalized anxiety disorder | 198 | 54 | 1 | 1 | <0.0005 | 53 | 2 | 83 | 11-602 | 83 | 11-602 |
| obsessive-compulsive personality disorder | 120 | 34 | 4 | 6 | <0.0005 | 28 | 4 | 8.8 | 3.1-24 | 8.8 | 3.1-24 |
| avoidant personality disorder | 55 | 16 | 1 | 1 | 0.001 | 14 | 7 | 13 | 1.8-99 | 13 | 1.8-99 |
| dependent personality disorder | 17 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0.05 | 5 | 20 | 3.7 | 0.5-28 | ||
| any tic disorder | 68 | 18 | 0 | 0 | <0.0005 | 18 | 5 | 16 | 2.1-115 | 16 | 2.1-115 |
| hypochondriasis | 44 | 12 | 0 | 0 | 0.002 | 12 | 8 | 9.7 | 1.3-72 | 9.7 | 1.3-72 |
| body dysmorphic disorder | 55 | 15 | 2 | 3 | 0.005 | 12 | 8 | 6.2 | 1.5-26 | 5.5 | 1.3-23 |
| trichotillomania | 42 | 11 | 1 | 1 | 0.009 | 10 | 10 | 9.0 | 1.2-67 | 9.0 | 1.2-67 |
| pathological nail biting | 67 | 18 | 10 | 14 | 0.42 | 4 | 25 | 1.3 | 0.6-2.8 | ||
| pathological skin picking | 115 | 31 | 4 | 6 | <0.0005 | 26 | 4 | 7.8 | 2.8-22 | 7.8 | 2.8-22 |
| anorexia nervosa | 26 | 7 | 2 | 3 | 0.29 | 4 | 24 | 2.6 | 0.6-11 | ||
| bulimia nervosa | 27 | 7 | 1 | 1 | 0.06 | 6 | 17 | 5.6 | 0.7-42 | ||
| major depressive disorder | 253 | 67 | 23 | 32 | <0.0005 | 35 | 3 | 4.3 | 2.5-7.4 | 4.3 | 2.5-7.4 |
| recurrent major depressive disorder | 176 | 46 | 9 | 12 | <0.0005 | 34 | 3 | 6.1 | 2.9-13 | 6.1 | 2.9-13 |
| dysthymia | 70 | 19 | 4 | 5 | 0.005 | 14 | 7 | 4.0 | 1.4-11 | 4.0 | 1.4-11 |
| bipolar disorder (I or II) | 43 | 12 | 2 | 3 | 0.02 | 9 | 11 | 4.7 | 1.1-20 | 4.7 | 1.1-20 |
| pathological gambling | 9 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0.37 | 2 | 41 | 1.8 | 0.2-14 | ||
| pyromania | 10 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0.38 | 3 | 37 | 2.0 | 0.2-16 | ||
| kleptomania | 11 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0.22 | 3 | 34 | 2.2 | 0.3-17 | ||
| alcohol dependence | 62 | 17 | 12 | 17 | 0.96 | 0 | −426 | 1.0 | 0.5-1.9 | ||
| drug dependence | 47 | 13 | 8 | 11 | 0.74 | 1 | 70 | 1.1 | 0.5-2.5 | ||
1
OCD-affected probands
2
non-OCD-affected probands
3
chi-square or Fisher’s exact test
4
difference in prevalence between case and control probands
5
number needed to harm
6
crude (unadjusted) odds ratio
7
95% confidence interval
9
all diagnoses = probable or definite; bold indicates odds ratios > 1.0 (two-tailed p ≤ 0.05)
8
odds ratio adjusted for demographic factors associated with case/control status and diagnosis (if applicable); underline indicates that a random control was assigned the diagnosis for calculation purposes