Bactericidal activity of ciprofloxacin and fosfomycin at MIC concentrations in MHB and urine, determined at pH 5 (pink bars), pH 7 (white bars), and pH 8 (blue bars) (dark grey bars) against Escherichia coli strains. Panels (A,B) E. coli NU14 wild-type strain, susceptible to ciprofloxacin (MIC 0.03 mg/L) and fosfomycin (MIC 2 mg/L). Panels (C,D) E. coli HUVR94 clinical strain, susceptible to ciprofloxacin (MIC 0.03 mg/L) and fosfomycin (MIC 0.5 mg/L). Panels (E,F) E. coli Nu79 gyrA (D87G) strain with low-level quinolone resistance (MIC 0.12 mg/L) and susceptible to fosfomycin (MIC 0.5 mg/L). Panels (G,H) E. coli Nu14 glpT missense mutation strains with low-level fosfomycin resistance (MIC 32 mg/L) and susceptible to ciprofloxacin (MIC 0.01 mg/L). Results are represented as differences (log10 CFU/mL) relative to the initial time-point (0 h).