Table 1.
Characteristics of the 24 included studies in this systematic review with meta-analysis.
| Study | Year | Cells | Animals | Outcome Analyzed | Model Used | Intervention | No. of Animals | Dose | Mean Daily Dose (mg/kg/day) Total Dose (mg/kg) |
Duration of the Treatment | Administration Mode |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wang et al. [42] | 2021 | Human glioma LN229 | BALB/c-nu/nu nude mice | Tumor volume | Xenografts (subcutaneous, heterotopic) |
Control | 5 | DMEM | - | 4 weeks | Intraperitoneal injection |
| Curcumin | 5 | 60 mg/kg curcumin/day | 60 1260 |
||||||||
| Xu et al. [43] | 2020 | Rat glioma C6 | BALB/c nude mice | Tumor volume | Xenografts (subcutaneous, heterotopic) |
Blank nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC) | 5 | - | Does not mention the administration frequency | 15 days | Peritumoral injection |
| Curcumin–NLC | 5 | 0.2 mg/kg | |||||||||
| Temozolomide–NLC | 5 | 0.4 mg/kg | |||||||||
| Curcumin + Temozolomide–NLC | 5 | 0.2 mg/kg + 0.4 mg/kg | |||||||||
| Wang et al. (A) [31] | 2020 | Rat glioblastoma F98 | Male Fischer (F344/NNarl) rats | Tumor volume (MRI) and bioluminescent imaging | Xenografts (brain tumor implantation, orthotopic) |
Control | 2 | 2 mL/kg/day of oil (7th to 20th days) |
- | 14 days | Intraperitoneal injection |
| Curcumin | 2 | 120 mg/2 mL/kg/day (7th to 20th days) |
120 1680 |
||||||||
| Wang et al. (B) [44] | 2020 | Human U87 glioblastoma cells | Male nude mice | Tumor volume | Xenografts (subcutaneous, heterotopic) |
Control | 3 | Saline | - | 13 days | Intraperitoneal injection |
| Curcumin | 3 | 60 mg/kg/day | 60 780 |
||||||||
| He et al. (1) [32] | 2020 | Mouse glioma GL261 | C57 mice | Tumor volume | Xenografts (subcutaneous, heterotopic) |
Control | 6 | Saline | - | 9 days | Intraperitoneal injection |
| Free curcumin | 6 | 50 mg/kg/every 2 days | 27.78 250 |
||||||||
| He et al. (2) [32] | 2020 | Mouse glioma GL261 | C57 mice | Tumor volume | Xenografts (subcutaneous, heterotopic) |
Blank micelles | 6 | - | - | 9 days | Intraperitoneal injection |
| Curcumin micelles | 6 | 50 mg/kg/every 2 days | 27.78 250 |
||||||||
| Pan et al. [40] | 2019 | RG2 rat glioma cells | Female adult Wistar rats | Tumor volume | Xenografts (orthotopic) |
Empty nanoparticles | 24 | Not mentioned | Not mentioned | Not mentioned | Not mentioned |
| Curcumin nanoparticles | 24 | Not mentioned | |||||||||
| Jia et al. (1) [33] | 2018 | Human glioma cell line U251 | Female BALB/c nude mice | Tumor volume | Xenografts (orthotopic) |
Control | 6 | PBS | - | 7 days | Tail vein injection |
| Free curcumin | 6 | 800 µg/day/5 weeks/mice | 43.48 304.35 |
||||||||
| Jia et al. (2) [33] | 2018 | Human glioma cell line U251 | Female BALB/c nude mice | Tumor volume | Xenografts (orthotopic) |
Free exosomes | 6 | - | - | 7 days | Tail vein injection |
| Curcumin exosomes | 6 | 800 µg/day/5 weeks/mice | 43.48 304.35 |
||||||||
| Li et al. (1) [35] | 2017 | Human glioblastoma U87 | Male SCID mice | Tumor volume | Xenografts (subcutaneous, heterotopic) |
Control | 3 | Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) | - | 14 days | Oral administration |
| Curcumin–PVP | 3 | 30 mg/kg/day | 30 420 |
||||||||
| Li et al. (2) [35] | 2017 | Human glioblastoma U87 | Male SCID mice | Tumor volume | Xenografts (subcutaneous, heterotopic) |
Control | 3 | PVP | - | 14 days | Oral administration |
| Curcumin–PVP | 3 | 60 mg/kg/day | 60 840 |
||||||||
| Li et al. (3) [35] | 2017 | Human glioblastoma U87 | Male SCID mice | Tumor volume | Xenografts (subcutaneous, heterotopic) |
Control | 3 | PVP | - | 14 days | Oral administration |
| Curcumin–PVP | 3 | 120 mg/kg/day | 120 1680 |
||||||||
| Singh et al. [41] | 2016 | Human glioblastoma U87 | Male athymic mice (CAnN.Cg-Foxn1nu/Crl) | Bioluminescence | Xenografts (orthotopic) |
Control | 3 | F-127/day | - | 21 days | Intravenous injection |
| Theranostic photonic nanoparticles–Curcumin | 3 | 0.2 mg/kg curcumin-F-127/day | 0.2 4.2 |
||||||||
| Orunoglu et al. (1) [36] |
2017 | RG2 rat glioma cells | Female Wistar rats | Tumor volume | Xenografts (orthotopic) |
Control | 6 | - | - | 1 day | Intratumoral |
| Curcumin | 6 | 6.7 × 10−4 mg/kg/once (25 µM in 20 µL) |
0.00067 0.00067 |
||||||||
| Orunoglu et al. (2) [36] |
2017 | RG2 rat glioma cells | Female Wistar rats | Tumor volume | Xenografts (orthotopic) |
Control | 6 | - | - | 1 day | Intravenous |
| Curcumin | 6 | 6.7 × 10−4 mg/kg/once (25 µM in 20 µL) |
0.00067 0.00067 |
||||||||
| Orunoglu et al. (3) [36] |
2017 | RG2 rat glioma cells | Female Wistar rats | Tumor volume | Xenografts (orthotopic) |
Nanoparticles | 6 | - | - | 1 day | Intratumoral |
| Nanoparticles + Curcumin | 6 | 6.7 × 10−4 mg/kg/once (25 µM in 20 µL) |
0.00067 0.00067 |
||||||||
| Orunoglu et al. (4) [36] |
2017 | RG2 rat glioma cells | Female Wistar rats | Tumor volume | Xenografts (orthotopic) |
Nanoparticles | 6 | - | - | 1 day | Intravenous |
| Nanoparticles + Curcumin | 6 | 6.7 × 10−4 mg/kg/once (25 µM in 20 µL) |
0.00067 0.00067 |
||||||||
| Meng et al. (1) [37] | 2017 | Human glioma cell line LN229 | Female nude mice | Bioluminescence | Xenografts (orthotopic) |
Control | 3 | DMSO | - | 15 days | Intraperitoneal injection |
| Curcumin | 3 | 60 mg/kg/day | 60 900 |
||||||||
| Radiation | 3 | 18 Gy/once | - | ||||||||
| Curcumin + Radiation | 3 | 60 mg/kg/day + 18 Gy/once | 60 900 |
||||||||
| Meng et al. (2) [37] | 2017 | Human glioma cell line U251 | Female nude mice | Bioluminescence | Xenografts (orthotopic) |
Control | 3 | DMSO | - | 15 days | Intraperitoneal injection |
| Curcumin | 3 | 60 mg/kg/day | 60 900 |
||||||||
| Radiation | 3 | 18 Gy/once | - | ||||||||
| Curcumin + Radiation | 3 | 60 mg/kg/day + 18 Gy/once | 60 900 |
||||||||
| Zheng et al. (1) [34] | 2016 | Rat glioma C6 | Female nude BALB/c mice | Tumor volume | Xenografts (subcutaneous, heterotopic) |
Control | 5 | Saline | Does not mention the administration frequency | Not mentioned | Intravenous injection |
| Curcumin | 5 | 50 mg/kg | |||||||||
| Zheng et al. (2) [34] | 2016 | Rat glioma C6 | Female nude BALB/c mice | Tumor volume | Xenografts (subcutaneous, heterotopic) |
Empty micelles | 5 | - | Does not mention the administration frequency | Not mentioned | Intravenous injection |
| Curcumin micelles | 5 | 50 mg/kg | |||||||||
| Yin et al. [45] | 2014 | Human glioblastoma U87MG cells | nu/nu athymic BALB/c mice | Tumor volume | Xenografts (subcutaneous, heterotopic) |
Control | 6 | Not mentioned | Not mentioned | 14 days | Intraperitoneal injection |
| Curcumin | 6 | ||||||||||
| Temozolomide | 6 | ||||||||||
| Curcumin + Temozolomide | 6 | ||||||||||
| Perry et al. [39] | 2010 | Human glioblastoma U87MG cells | Athymic female mice (Crl:CD-1 nuBR) | Tumor volume | Xenografts (orthotopic) |
Control | 7 | Vehicle | - | 26 days | Intraperitoneal injection |
| Curcumin | 7 | 60 mg/kg/day | 60 1560 |
||||||||
| Aoki et al. [38] | 2007 | Human glioblastoma U87MG cells | Adult nude mice | Tumor volume | Xenografts (subcutaneous, heterotopic) |
Control | 5 | - | - | 7 days | Intratumoral injection |
| Curcumin | 5 | 100 mg/kg/20 µL in DMSO/PBS/once | 100 700 |
The letters within brackets indicates different studies by the same first author and numbers within brackets indicates the division of the studies.