Table 1.

Cytokines associated with hidradenitis suppurativa and the reaction they induced.

Cytokine	Receptor	Activated Pathway	Induced Reaction
TNF-α	TNFR1 TNFR2	NFκB, MAPKS, Caspase8, MLKL NFκB, MAPKS, AKT	Cytotoxic and proinflammation Cell activation, migration, proliferation
IL-17	IL-17R A, C, D	NFκB MEK5	Inflammation Keratinocyte proliferation
IL-1β	IL-1R1 Co-receptor: IL-1RAcP	NFκB, JNK, p38 MAPK	Naïve T-cell and CD4+ memory T-cell expansion Keratinocyte proliferation
IL-12	IL-12R (IL-12Rβ1 + IL-12Rβ2)	TYK2, STAT4	Th1 proliferation and TFN-γ production
IL-23	IL-12Rβ1 + IL-23Rα	JAK, RTK, STAT, ROR-γt	Th17 release IL-17

TNF-α: tumor necrosis factor-α. TNFR: tumor necrosis factor receptor. NFκB: nuclear factor κB. MAPKS: mitogen-activated protein kinases. MLKL: mixed lineage kinase domain-like protein. IL-17R: IL-17 receptor. MEK5: mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 5. IL-1R1: type I IL-1 receptor. IL-1RAcP: IL-1R accessory protein. JNK: c-Jun N-terminal kinases. IL-12R: IL-12 receptor. TYK2: tyrosine kinase 2. STAT: signal transducer and activator of transcription proteins. Th1: T helper 1 cell. TFN-γ: interferon-γ. IL-23R: IL-23 receptor. JAK: Janus kinase. RTK: receptor tyrosine kinase. ROR-γt: retinoid-related orphan receptor-γt. Th17: T helper 17 cell.