Table 1.

Overview of AI applications in cardiology studies, highlighting diagnostic modalities, performance metrics, and future considerations.

Study	AI Application	Diagnostic Modality	Performance Metrics	Future Considerations
[27]	Deep neural networks for ECG analysis	ECG	AUC: 0.97 and F1 score: 0.837	Interpretability and collaboration between AI systems and clinical expertise
[28]	AI-enabled ECG for atrial fibrillation prediction	Wearable ECG monitors	AUC: 0.87, sensitivity: 79%, specificity: 79.5%, and accuracy: 79.4%	Considerations for undetected atrial fibrillation and prospective calibration before widespread application to a broader population
[33]	AI in coronary angiography and TAVR	Coronary angiography and TAVR	Procedure time and complication rate reduction	Enhancing AI algorithms’ adaptability to diverse procedural scenarios