Table 10.
Age-standardized (Italian population) nutrients intake (EPIC questionnaire): lipids (animal and vegetable) and cholesterol mean by sex, age classes, geographical area and educational level. Men and women residing in Italy aged 35–74 years, Health Examination Survey 2018–2019—CUORE Project.
| Men | Women | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Animal Lipids (% Total Kcal) | ||||||||||||
| N | Mean | SD | CI 95% |
ANOVA
p -value |
N | Mean | SD | CI 95% |
ANOVA
p -value |
|||
| All | 793 | 17.9 | 5.3 | 17.6 | 18.3 | 785 | 17.6 | 5.2 | 17.2 | 17.9 | ||
| Age classes (years) | ||||||||||||
| 35–44 | 196 | 19.2 | 5.0 | 18.5 | 19.9 | <0.0001 | 191 | 17.9 | 4.9 | 17.2 | 18.6 | <0.0001 |
| 45–54 | 204 | 18.4 | 5.1 | 17.7 | 19.1 | 216 | 17.9 | 5.1 | 17.2 | 18.6 | ||
| 55–64 | 219 | 17.2 | 5.2 | 16.5 | 17.9 | 214 | 17.3 | 5.4 | 16.6 | 18.0 | ||
| 65–74 | 174 | 16.5 | 5.7 | 15.6 | 17.3 | 164 | 17.0 | 5.2 | 16.2 | 17.8 | ||
| Italian Area | ||||||||||||
| North | 357 | 18.0 | 5.1 | 17.5 | 18.5 | 0.0074 | 359 | 17.7 | 4.9 | 17.2 | 18.2 | 0.0074 |
| Centre | 180 | 17.2 | 5.2 | 16.4 | 18.0 | 184 | 16.9 | 5.1 | 16.1 | 17.6 | ||
| South | 256 | 18.4 | 5.6 | 17.7 | 19.1 | 242 | 17.9 | 5.6 | 17.2 | 18.6 | ||
| Education | ||||||||||||
| Primary and middle school | 201 | 18.3 | 5.3 | 17.6 | 19.0 | 0.0096 | 209 | 18.5 | 4.9 | 17.8 | 19.2 | 0.0096 |
| High school and university | 591 | 17.8 | 5.3 | 17.4 | 18.2 | 575 | 17.3 | 5.2 | 16.8 | 17.7 | ||
| Vegetable Lipids (% total Kcal) | ||||||||||||
| N | Mean | SD | CI 95% |
ANOVA
p -value |
N | Mean | SD | CI 95% |
ANOVA
p -value |
|||
| All | 793 | 17.1 | 5.8 | 16.7 | 17.5 | 785 | 19.9 | 6.4 | 19.5 | 20.4 | ||
| Age classes (years) | ||||||||||||
| 35–44 | 196 | 16.5 | 5.1 | 15.8 | 17.2 | 0.1321 | 191 | 19.5 | 5.7 | 18.7 | 20.4 | 0.1321 |
| 45–54 | 204 | 17.7 | 6.1 | 16.9 | 18.6 | 216 | 20.2 | 6.7 | 19.3 | 21.1 | ||
| 55–64 | 219 | 17.0 | 5.8 | 16.2 | 17.8 | 214 | 19.9 | 6.2 | 19.0 | 20.7 | ||
| 65–74 | 174 | 17.3 | 6.0 | 16.4 | 18.2 | 164 | 20.1 | 6.9 | 19.1 | 21.2 | ||
| Italian Area | ||||||||||||
| North | 357 | 17.2 | 5.9 | 16.6 | 17.8 | 0.0056 | 359 | 20.2 | 6.7 | 19.5 | 20.8 | 0.0056 |
| Centre | 180 | 18.1 | 6.0 | 17.3 | 19.0 | 184 | 20.2 | 6.5 | 19.3 | 21.1 | ||
| South | 256 | 16.4 | 5.4 | 15.8 | 17.1 | 242 | 19.4 | 5.8 | 18.7 | 20.2 | ||
| Education | ||||||||||||
| Primary and middle school | 201 | 15.9 | 5.7 | 15.1 | 16.7 | <0.0001 | 209 | 18.8 | 5.8 | 18.0 | 19.6 | <0.0001 |
| High school and university | 591 | 17.6 | 5.7 | 17.1 | 18.0 | 575 | 20.4 | 6.5 | 19.8 | 20.9 | ||
| Cholesterol (mg/day) | ||||||||||||
| N | Mean | SD | CI 95% |
ANOVA
p -value |
N | Mean | SD | CI 95% |
ANOVA
p -value |
|||
| All | 793 | 154.3 | 48.2 | 151.0 | 157.7 | 785 | 161.5 | 53.1 | 157.8 | 165.2 | ||
| Age classes (years) | ||||||||||||
| 35–44 | 196 | 160.7 | 44.2 | 154.5 | 166.8 | 0.2843 | 191 | 160.1 | 44.2 | 153.8 | 166.4 | 0.2843 |
| 45–54 | 204 | 156.9 | 43.2 | 150.9 | 162.8 | 216 | 162.7 | 50.4 | 156.0 | 169.4 | ||
| 55–64 | 219 | 149.6 | 50.7 | 142.9 | 156.3 | 214 | 160.6 | 57.7 | 152.9 | 168.4 | ||
| 65–74 | 174 | 148.2 | 56.2 | 139.9 | 156.6 | 164 | 162.5 | 61.0 | 153.1 | 171.8 | ||
| Italian Area | ||||||||||||
| North | 357 | 150.6 | 43.0 | 146.1 | 155.0 | 0.0045 | 359 | 163.4 | 52.0 | 158.0 | 168.8 | 0.0045 |
| Centre | 180 | 151.2 | 47.6 | 144.2 | 158.1 | 184 | 153.3 | 49.7 | 146.1 | 160.5 | ||
| South | 256 | 161.8 | 54.3 | 155.1 | 168.4 | 242 | 164.8 | 56.6 | 157.7 | 171.9 | ||
| Education | ||||||||||||
| Primary and middle school | 201 | 157.5 | 43.1 | 151.6 | 163.5 | 0.0153 | 209 | 169.6 | 56.1 | 162.0 | 177.2 | 0.0153 |
| High school and university | 591 | 153.3 | 49.8 | 149.3 | 157.3 | 575 | 158.7 | 51.8 | 154.4 | 162.9 | ||
Dietary information was collected by the self-administered Italian version of the food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) of the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer (EPIC). SD: standard deviation; CI: confidence interval. Means and standard deviations were age standardized by Italian National Institute of Statistics—ISTAT Italian population 2019 (except when they are reported by age-classes). ANOVA to compare mean values among classes. The pool was made of the following Italian regions: Piedmont, Lombardy, Liguria, Emilia Romagna, Tuscany, Lazio, Basilicata, Calabria and Sicily. Italian Area: North (Piedmont, Lombardy, Liguria, Emilia Romagna); Centre (Tuscany, Lazio); South (Basilicata, Calabria, Sicily).