Table 11.
Age-standardized (Italian population) nutrients intake (EPIC questionnaire): saturated, polyunsaturated and monounsaturated fat, lipids total mean by sex, age classes, geographical area and educational level. Men and women residing in Italy aged 35–74 years, Health Examination Survey 2018–2019—CUORE Project.
| Men | Women | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Saturated Fat (% Total Kcal) | ||||||||||||
| N | Mean | SD | CI 95% |
ANOVA
p-value |
N | Mean | SD | CI 95% |
ANOVA
p-value |
|||
| All | 793 | 11.0 | 2.4 | 10.8 | 11.1 | 785 | 11.4 | 2.4 | 11.2 | 11.6 | ||
| Age classes (years) | ||||||||||||
| 35–44 | 196 | 11.3 | 2.3 | 11.0 | 11.6 | <0.0001 | 191 | 11.6 | 2.3 | 11.2 | 11.9 | <0.0001 |
| 45–54 | 204 | 11.3 | 2.3 | 10.9 | 11.6 | 216 | 11.5 | 2.3 | 11.2 | 11.8 | ||
| 55–64 | 219 | 10.6 | 2.4 | 10.3 | 11.0 | 214 | 11.3 | 2.6 | 10.9 | 11.6 | ||
| 65–74 | 174 | 10.4 | 2.7 | 10.0 | 10.8 | 164 | 11.1 | 2.5 | 10.7 | 11.5 | ||
| Italian Area | ||||||||||||
| North | 357 | 11.2 | 2.4 | 10.9 | 11.4 | 0.0048 | 359 | 11.5 | 2.3 | 11.3 | 11.8 | 0.0048 |
| Centre | 180 | 10.6 | 2.5 | 10.3 | 11.0 | 184 | 11.0 | 2.3 | 10.7 | 11.3 | ||
| South | 256 | 10.9 | 2.5 | 10.6 | 11.2 | 242 | 11.5 | 2.7 | 11.1 | 11.8 | ||
| Education | ||||||||||||
| Primary and middle school | 201 | 10.9 | 2.4 | 10.6 | 11.2 | 0.4720 | 209 | 11.6 | 2.4 | 11.3 | 11.9 | 0.4720 |
| High school and university | 591 | 11.0 | 2.5 | 10.8 | 11.2 | 575 | 11.3 | 2.5 | 11.1 | 11.5 | ||
| Polyunsaturated fat (% total Kcal) | ||||||||||||
| N | Mean | SD | CI 95% |
ANOVA
p-value |
N | Mean | SD | CI 95% |
ANOVA
p-value |
|||
| All | 793 | 5.0 | 1.3 | 4.9 | 5.1 | 785 | 5.3 | 1.4 | 5.2 | 5.4 | ||
| Age classes (years) | ||||||||||||
| 35–44 | 196 | 5.2 | 1.1 | 5.0 | 5.3 | 0.0069 | 191 | 5.3 | 1.2 | 5.1 | 5.4 | 0.0069 |
| 45–54 | 204 | 5.2 | 1.5 | 5.0 | 5.4 | 216 | 5.5 | 1.3 | 5.3 | 5.6 | ||
| 55–64 | 219 | 4.8 | 1.3 | 4.7 | 5.0 | 214 | 5.3 | 1.3 | 5.1 | 5.4 | ||
| 65–74 | 174 | 4.8 | 1.4 | 4.6 | 5.0 | 164 | 5.3 | 1.8 | 5.1 | 5.6 | ||
| Italian Area | ||||||||||||
| North | 357 | 4.9 | 1.3 | 4.8 | 5.1 | 0.8683 | 359 | 5.4 | 1.5 | 5.3 | 5.6 | 0.8683 |
| Centre | 180 | 5.1 | 1.2 | 4.9 | 5.3 | 184 | 5.2 | 1.2 | 5.0 | 5.4 | ||
| South | 256 | 5.1 | 1.5 | 4.9 | 5.2 | 242 | 5.3 | 1.3 | 5.1 | 5.5 | ||
| Education | ||||||||||||
| Primary and middle school | 201 | 5.0 | 1.4 | 4.8 | 5.2 | 0.9168 | 209 | 5.4 | 1.3 | 5.2 | 5.5 | 0.9168 |
| High school and university | 591 | 5.0 | 1.3 | 4.9 | 5.1 | 575 | 5.3 | 1.4 | 5.2 | 5.4 | ||
| Monounsaturated fat (% total Kcal) | ||||||||||||
| N | Mean | SD | CI 95% |
ANOVA
p-value |
N | Mean | SD | CI 95% |
ANOVA
p-value |
|||
| All | 793 | 16.2 | 3.7 | 15.9 | 16.4 | 785 | 17.6 | 4.1 | 17.4 | 17.9 | ||
| Age classes (years) | ||||||||||||
| 35–44 | 196 | 16.2 | 3.1 | 15.8 | 16.6 | 0.0473 | 191 | 17.6 | 3.4 | 17.1 | 18.0 | 0.0473 |
| 45–54 | 204 | 16.7 | 3.8 | 16.1 | 17.2 | 216 | 17.9 | 4.3 | 17.3 | 18.5 | ||
| 55–64 | 219 | 15.8 | 3.9 | 15.3 | 16.4 | 214 | 17.5 | 3.8 | 17.0 | 18.0 | ||
| 65–74 | 174 | 15.7 | 3.8 | 15.1 | 16.3 | 164 | 17.5 | 4.7 | 16.8 | 18.2 | ||
| Italian Area | ||||||||||||
| North | 357 | 16.1 | 3.6 | 15.7 | 16.5 | 0.2615 | 359 | 17.7 | 4.2 | 17.3 | 18.1 | 0.2615 |
| Centre | 180 | 16.6 | 3.7 | 16.0 | 17.1 | 184 | 17.7 | 3.8 | 17.1 | 18.3 | ||
| South | 256 | 15.9 | 3.8 | 15.5 | 16.4 | 242 | 17.5 | 4.0 | 17.0 | 18.0 | ||
| Education | ||||||||||||
| Primary and middle school | 201 | 15.4 | 3.6 | 14.9 | 15.9 | 0.0008 | 209 | 17.2 | 3.9 | 16.7 | 17.7 | 0.0008 |
| High school and university | 591 | 16.4 | 3.7 | 16.1 | 16.7 | 575 | 17.8 | 4.1 | 17.5 | 18.1 | ||
| Lipids Tot (% total Kcal) | ||||||||||||
| N | Mean | SD | CI 95% |
ANOVA
p-value |
N | Mean | SD | CI 95% |
ANOVA
p-value |
|||
| All | 793 | 35.1 | 6.6 | 34.6 | 35.5 | 785 | 37.5 | 6.6 | 37.1 | 38.0 | ||
| Age classes (years) | ||||||||||||
| 35–44 | 196 | 35.7 | 5.5 | 34.9 | 36.5 | 0.001 | 191 | 37.5 | 5.7 | 36.7 | 38.3 | 0.001 |
| 45–54 | 204 | 36.1 | 6.6 | 35.2 | 37.0 | 216 | 38.1 | 6.4 | 37.2 | 38.9 | ||
| 55–64 | 219 | 34.2 | 6.9 | 33.3 | 35.1 | 214 | 37.2 | 6.4 | 36.3 | 38.1 | ||
| 65–74 | 174 | 33.8 | 7.1 | 32.7 | 34.8 | 164 | 37.1 | 7.9 | 35.9 | 38.3 | ||
| Italian Area | ||||||||||||
| North | 357 | 35.2 | 6.1 | 34.5 | 35.8 | 0.2901 | 359 | 37.9 | 6.6 | 37.2 | 38.6 | 0.2901 |
| Centre | 180 | 35.3 | 6.5 | 34.4 | 36.3 | 184 | 37.0 | 6.0 | 36.2 | 37.9 | ||
| South | 256 | 34.8 | 7.2 | 33.9 | 35.7 | 242 | 37.3 | 6.9 | 36.5 | 38.2 | ||
| Education | ||||||||||||
| Primary and middle school | 201 | 34.2 | 6.6 | 33.3 | 35.1 | 0.0593 | 209 | 37.3 | 6.4 | 36.4 | 38.2 | 0.0593 |
| High school and university | 591 | 35.4 | 6.6 | 34.9 | 35.9 | 575 | 37.6 | 6.6 | 37.1 | 38.1 | ||
Dietary information was collected by the self-administered Italian version of the food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) of the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer (EPIC). SD: standard deviation; CI: confidence interval. Means and standard deviations were age standardized by Italian National Institute of Statistics—ISTAT Italian population 2019 (except when they are reported by age-classes). ANOVA to compare mean values among classes. The pool was made of the following Italian regions: Piedmont, Lombardy, Liguria, Emilia Romagna, Tuscany, Lazio, Basilicata, Calabria and Sicily. Italian Area: North (Piedmont, Lombardy, Liguria, Emilia Romagna); Centre (Tuscany, Lazio); South (Basilicata, Calabria, Sicily).