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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2024 Feb 23.
Published in final edited form as: Infant Child Dev. 2021 Nov 26;31(2):e2281. doi: 10.1002/icd.2281

FIGURE 1.

FIGURE 1

Math achievement trajectories by early numeracy skill group category. NAP = no applied problems mastery, C = counting mastery, CR = counting and concrete representational arithmetic mastery, CRA = counting, concrete representational and abstract arithmetic mastery