Table 5.
Laparoscopic and open surgery treatment for gastroduodenal perforation incidence.
| No. | Study | Total Number of Patients | Mortality Rate (n) | Success Rate | Outcome |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Laparoscopy | |||||
| 1 | Kujath et al. (2002) [16] | 102 | 22.5% (23) | 78.33% | Failure and mortality in postoperative patients are mostly attributable to delayed treatment, old age, and comorbidities. |
| 2 | Yan et al. (2019) [15] | 7 | 0 | 100% | There were no complication issues among the individuals. |
| 3 | Koninger et al. (2004) [13] | 20 | 0 | 100% | There was no insufficiency, wound infection, stenosis, or persistent peritonitis. |
| 4 | Costalat and Alquier (1995) [40] | 15 | 0 | 100% | The ulcer had excellent cicatrisation and no pyloric stenosis persisted. |
| 5 | Cocorullo et al. (2016) [41] | 75 | 0 | 100% | No morbidity and mortality found. |
| 6 | Žáček et al. (2014) [42] | 110 | 1 | 99.1% | Total morbidity was 10.9% after laparoscopic surgery, and no wound infection was detected. |
| 7 | Laforgia et al. (2017) [47] | 21 | 0 | 100% | Reoperations were necessary due to three instances of leakage and one instance of bleeding. |
| 8 | Reusen et al. (2017) [43] | 5 | 0 | 100% | There were no deaths, conversions, extra-abdominal issues, or wound infections. |
| 9 | Agaba et al. (2016) [14] | 48 | 2% (1) | 98% | One patient who had laparoscopic repair passed away from reasons unrelated to gastroduodenal perforation. |
| 10 | Harvitkar et al. (2021) [44] | 9 | 0 | 100% | In the first two weeks after surgery, 16% of patients had minor complications, including trocar wound infections, terminal ileum typhoid perforations, and moderate paralytic ileus. None of these patients reported suture or staple leakage after surgery. |
| 11 | Navez et al. (1998) [45] | 69 | 4% (3) | (66) 96.1% | There was no occurrence of malignant hypercapnia, and 0.9% of patients survived postoperative septic shock. |
| 12 | Kirshtein et al. (2005) [46] | 68 | 5% (3) | (65) 96% | Sepsis, sub-hepatic abscess, and pulmonary problems occur in only a small number of patients. |
| 13 | Pescatore et al. (1998) [7] | 6 | 0 | 100% | There was no morbidity and no mortality |
| Total number of patients | 555 | 5.5% (31) | 94.4% (524) | ||
| Open Surgery | |||||
| 1 | Okidi et al. (2020) [17] | 29 | 34.5% (10) | 65.5% | Preoperative pyrexia, delay, shock, and peritoneal contamination were all associated with higher fatality rates. |
| 2 | Yan et al. (2019) [15] | 13 | 0 | 100% | There were no patients with complication issues. |
| 3 | Hasselager et al. (2016) [48] | 4086 | 30.8% (1258) | 69.25% | Patients who were overweight, have a history of multiple diseases, and have a severe condition are at a greater risk of needing an additional operation. |
| 4 | Ohene-Yeboah (2006) [49] | 3114 | 23.7% (738) | 76.3% | Acute appendicitis, typhoid ileal perforation, acute intestinal obstruction, and gastroduodenal perforation were the most frequent abdominal admissions. |
| 5 | Wang et al. (2017) [50] | 2738 | 13.8% (378) | 86.2% | Emergency peritonitis therapy and vigorous gastric cancer surgery may improve the acute and oncologic outcomes of patients with perforated gastric cancer. |
| 6 | Chao et al. (1999) [51] | 11 | 18.2% (2) | 81.8% | Perforation of the gastroduodenal junction in patients with cancer who were not receiving therapy led to acceptable short-term surgical results. |
| 7 | Tsugawa et al. (2001) [52] | 130 | 26.7% (35) | 73.3% | Older people have poorer prognoses. Due to low mortality and minimal stress, a simple closure and vagotomy is appropriate for duodenal ulcers, particularly in persons with a 20 mm perforation or severe duodenal stenosis. Because of its low recurrence rate, gastroplasties are sometimes advised for stomach ulcers. |
| 8 | Maeda et al. (2022) [53] | 16,209 | 8.8% (1426) | 91.2% | In Japan, the level of care offered by emergency surgical operations is stable in terms of mortality rate throughout the week. |
| 9 | Jordan and Debakey (1963) [54] | 496 | 5.4% (27) | 94.6% | In appropriately chosen patients, the final surgical treatment should be used as the operation of choice. |
| 10 | Lehnert and Herfarth (1993) [55] | 69 | 29% (20) | 71% | To improve treatment outcomes, blood products (particularly coagulation factors) should be replenished early and in suitable volumes, and operating operations should be limited to ulcer control. |
| 11 | Anwar et al. (1996) [56] | 32 | 25% (8) | 75% | Schistosomal portal hypertension makes peptic ulcer disease hazardous. Emergency treatments, postoperative issues, and patients with modified Child B constitute to increased mortality; liver function must be regulated preoperatively to avoid surgical complications and hepatic decompensation. |
| 12 | Agaba et al. (2016) [14] | 352 | 2% (8) | 98% | If morbidity and death rates are to be reduced, an early surgical intervention is advised. In the majority of cases, simple closure with H. pylori eradication and acid suppression will be sufficient. |
| 13 | Agarwal et al. (2017) [57] | 20 | 20% (4) | 80% | Triple tube drainage for problematic gastroduodenal perforations is practical, simple in emergencies, and enables patients to recover in 2–3 weeks. It eliminates technically difficult and risky operations. |
| 14 | Schroder et al. (2014) [58] | 3611 | 19.6% (708) | 80.4% | Patients with perforated peptic ulcers need basic treatment. In patients with intractable ulcer bleeding, vagotomy/drainage had a lower postoperative death rate than ulcer oversew. |
| 15 | Chao et al. (1998) [59] | 9 | 44.4% (4) | 55.6% | Early treatment of cancer patients with spontaneous gastroduodenal perforation with a high index of suspicion of the illness may enhance survival. |