Table 2.

I NEED HELP, useful mnemonic that should trigger consideration for referral for advanced HF consultation. From Yancy CW et al. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2018 [47], with permission.

I: Inotropes (iv)
N: NYHA IIIb-IV or persistently elevated natriuretic peptides
E: End-organ dysfunction
E: Ejection fraction ≤35%
D: Defibrillator shocks
H: Hospitalizations >1 in prior 12 months
E: Edema despite escalating diuretics
L: Low blood pressure ≤90 mmHg, high heart rate
P: Prognostic medication progressive intolerance/down-titration of guideline-directed medical therapy