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[Preprint]. 2024 Feb 15:2024.02.14.580225. [Version 1] doi: 10.1101/2024.02.14.580225

Figure 1. Highly conserved non-spike, structural, non-structural, and accessory protein antigens identified in the SARS-CoV-2 genome:

Figure 1.

(A) Bioinformatic analysis and alignment of the 29903 bp single strand RNA of 8.7 million genome sequences of SARS-CoV-2 strains that circulated worldwide over the last 4 years, including 20 VOCs; SARS-CoV; MERS-CoV; common cold Coronaviruses; and twenty-five animal’s SARS-like Coronaviruses (SL-CoVs) genome sequences isolated from bats (Rhinolophus affinis, Rhinolophus malayanus), pangolins (Manis javanica), civet cats (Paguma larvata), and camels (Camelus dromedaries). Shown in light green are 5 highly conserved regions identified from the SARS-CoV-2 genome sequences. (B) Depicts 10 highly conserved non-Spike antigens that comprise 3 structural (Membrane, Envelope, and Nucleoprotein), 12 non-structural (NSP-2, NSP-3, NSP-4, NSP-5-10, NSP-12, and NSP-14) and 1 accessory protein (ORF7a/b) as T cell antigens (top) and Spike as the B cell antigen (bottom) used to construct the individual and combined mRNA/LNP vaccines. (C) Illustrates the individual and combined mRNA/LNP vaccines that consist of modified mRNAs expressing the B and T cell antigens encapsulated in lipid nanoparticles (LNPs), as detailed in Materials & Methods, and delivery intramuscularly in the outbreed golden Syrian hamsters.