Figure 1. Study design and treatment outcomes.

(a) Study-eligible dogs received 9 Gray (Gy) of radiation (red arrow) followed by 6 doses of intratumorally administered cytokines (blue arrows). Each cytokine dose was followed by 48 hours of clinical monitoring and serum collection. (b) Pretreatment primary tumor size quantified via CT radiologic assessment. (c) Percent change in tumor volume after radiation and 2 doses of intratumorally administered cytokines. Dotted lines depict RECIST criteria for tumor progression or clinical response. (d) Percent change in primary tumor volume over the course of treatment with intratumorally administered cytokines. One patient in each of the 2x and 5x dosing cohorts was euthanized prior to day 84 due to outgrowth of metastatic or primary tumors. (e) Swimmer plot of length of patient survival after trial start. (f-g) Images of primary tumors taken at indicated time points from select dogs from the 1x (f) and 2x (g) cohorts who displayed durable and complete response to treatment.