Table 1.
A comparison of relative (%) changes in treated vs. control 5XFAD mice when either different dihydroxymetabolites of EFV or (S)-EFV were used.
| Molecule or Test | 7,8diOH EFV 1 | 8,14diOH EFV 1 | (S)-EFV 1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cholesterol | F 2 | NC 3 | 106 | NC |
| M 2 | ||||
| 24HC | F | 108 | 118 | 118 |
| M | ||||
| Lathosterol | F | (103%, p = 0.07) | 120 | 109 |
| M | ||||
| Desmosterol | F | 109 | NC | 108 |
| M | 94 | 107 | NC | |
| Total Acetyl-CoA | F | 120 | 177 | nm |
| M | 231 | 259 | ||
| Mitochondrial Acetyl-CoA | F | 160 | 305 | nm |
| M | 182 | 357 | 402 | |
| Ach | F | 200 | 233 | 140 |
| M | 300 | 240 | ||
| Barnes (dihydroxy EFV) or Morris Water ((S)-EFV) Maze | F | NC | NC | Improved |
| M | Improved | |||
| Y-maze | F | NC | NC | NC |
| M | NC | |||
| Fear Conditioning Contextual | F | NC | NC | Improved |
| M | NC | |||
| Fear Conditioning Cued | F | NC | NC | NC |
| M | NC | |||
| Insoluble Aβ40 (brain homogenate) | F | NC | NC | NC |
| M | 88% | |||
| Insoluble Aβ42 (brain homogenate) | F | NC | 85 | NC |
| M | NC | |||
1 Changes for 7,8diOH EFV are from the present work, and those for (S)-EFV and 8,14diOH EFV were taken from [16,30,31], except the brain sterol data for (S)-EFV-treated 5XFAD female mice, which were not included in [16] because they were measured after the manuscript publication. 2 F, female mice, M, male mice. When no sex-based differences were found, data for female and male mice were combined; otherwise, they were presented separately. 3 NC, no change.