BBB	blood−brain barrier
BMEC	brain microvascular endothelial cell
CNS	central nervous system
CVD	cardiovascular diseases
EBSS	Earle’s balanced salt solution
EC	endothelial cell
ECGF	endothelial-cell growth factor
EPC	Endothelial progenitor cell
FBS	fetal bovine serum
FGF	fibroblast growth factor
HF	Heart failure
HFpEF	heart failure with preserved ejection fraction
HUVEC	human umbilical vein endothelial cells
ICAM	intercellular adhesion molecule
IL	interleukin
NO	nitric oxide
PECAM	platelet endothelial CAM
PSF	penicillin−streptomycin−fungizone
ROS	reactive oxygen species
SASP	senescence-associated secretory phenotype
SCAPs	senescent cell anti-apoptotic pathways
T2DM	type-2 diabetes mellitus
TNAP	tissue-nonspecific alkaline phosphatase
VCAM	vascular CAM
VEGF	vascular endothelial growth factor
VWF	von Willebrand factor