Table 1.
Identified metabolites of L. japonicus ethyl acetate extracts. Data are presented as ratios to the corresponding control treatment (non-inoculated plants). In bold: two-fold or greater change; In red: five-fold or greater increase; In blue: five-fold or greater decrease.
| Metabolites | Shoot Extracts | Root Extracts | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| * Control | AMF | AMF-D | R | R + D | Control | AMF | AMF-D | R | R + D | |
| Phenolics | ||||||||||
| vanillic acid | 1 | 0.4 | 1.1 | 1.2 | 0.9 | 1 | 0.5 | 0.2 | 3.0 | 1.5 |
| apigenin 7-glucoside | 1 | 0.4 | 0.3 | 5.4 | 3.4 | 1 | 1.9 | 2.1 | 0.4 | 2.0 |
| cyanidin3-rytinoside | 1 | 0.4 | 0.1 | 2.4 | 1.7 | 1 | 1.3 | 0.7 | 0.6 | 6.8 |
| hydroxycaffeic acid | 1 | 0.6 | 1.1 | 3.4 | 1.7 | 1 | 0.0 | 0.4 | 10.7 | 7.4 |
| isoorientin | 1 | 0.6 | 0.5 | 3.2 | 0.8 | 1 | 0.9 | 0.8 | 1.2 | 0.9 |
| isorhoifolin | 1 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 5.1 | 2.9 | 1 | 0.5 | 0.2 | 4.6 | 3.1 |
| lariciresinol | 1 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 1.0 | 1 | 1.3 | 2.5 | 1.7 | 5.3 |
| luteolin-5-glucoside | 1 | 0.6 | 0.5 | 3.2 | 0.8 | 1 | 0.9 | 0.8 | 1.2 | 0.9 |
| quercetin-3-rutinoside | 1 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 4.7 | 1.3 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
| gamma tocopherol | 1 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 7.2 | 1.1 | 1 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 2.3 | 2.3 |
| m-coumaric acid | 1 | 0.6 | 0.3 | 1.8 | 1.0 | 1 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 19.5 | 8.2 |
| maachiain | 1 | 0.1 | 0.3 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 1 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.5 | 11.3 |
| glycinol | 1 | 1.3 | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1 | 1.0 | 0.9 | 1.1 | 1.0 |
| phaseollin | 1 | 0.6 | 3.5 | 1.8 | 1 | 0.1 | 0.0 | 0.4 | 2.8 | |
| vestitol | 1 | 0.0 | 0.4 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 16.8 | 4.5 |
| sophorol | 1 | 0.0 | 0.6 | 0.4 | 1.5 | 1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.3 | 8.5 |
| (6aR,11aR)-3,9-Dihydroxypterocarpan | 1 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.7 | 0.2 | 1 | 1.0 | 0.2 | 6.6 | 2.4 |
| 2′-Hydroxyformononetin | 1 | 0.1 | 0.3 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 1 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.5 | 11.3 |
| astragalin | 1 | 0.6 | 0.5 | 3.2 | 0.8 | 1 | 0.9 | 0.8 | 1.2 | 0.9 |
| chalconaringenin | 1 | 1.3 | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1 | 1.0 | 0.9 | 1.1 | 1.0 |
| delphinidin | 1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 1 | 0.3 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.0 |
| eugenol | 1 | 60.9 | 72.2 | 80.8 | 79.1 | 1 | 1.0 | 1.2 | 2.2 | 1.6 |
| formononetin | 1 | 0.0 | 0.4 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 1 | 0.3 | 0.0 | 2.8 | 1.6 |
| genistein | 1 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 1 | 0.4 | 0.2 | 0.6 | 0.4 |
| genistin | 1 | 0.7 | 0.5 | 0.0 | 2.1 | 1 | 1.9 | 2.1 | 1.7 | 2.0 |
| homogentistic acid | 1 | 0.4 | 1.1 | 1.2 | 0.9 | 1 | 0.5 | 0.2 | 3.0 | 1.5 |
| leucopelargonidin | 1 | 5.2 | 4.6 | 4.4 | 4.3 | 1 | 1.0 | 1.1 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
| lotaustralin | 1 | 0.3 | 0.7 | 1.0 | 1.8 | 1 | 0.4 | 0.1 | 8.0 | 9.5 |
| pelargonidin | 1 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 1 | 0.4 | 0.2 | 0.6 | 0.0 |
| phenylalcetaldehyde | 1 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 6.2 | 1.3 | 1 | 0.1 | 0.0 | 12.6 | 5.8 |
| sinapaldehyde | 1 | 0.8 | 0.9 | 0.4 | 0.8 | 1 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.6 |
| vestitone | 1 | 0.8 | 0.7 | 0.6 | 0.7 | 1 | 0.9 | 0.8 | 1.0 | 0.9 |
| coniferyl acetate | 1 | 1.2 | 1.1 | 1.2 | 1.1 | 1 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.1 | 1.1 |
| astragalin | 1 | 0.6 | 0.5 | 3.2 | 0.8 | 1 | 0.9 | 0.8 | 1.2 | 0.9 |
| caffeic acid hexoside | 1 | 0.6 | 1.1 | 3.4 | 1.7 | 1 | 0.0 | 0.4 | 10.7 | 7.4 |
| coniferaldehyde | 1 | 0.5 | 0.4 | 3.1 | 1.6 | 1 | 0.9 | 0.1 | 3.2 | 4.5 |
| diosmetin | 1 | 0.0 | 0.6 | 0.4 | 1.5 | 1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.3 | 8.5 |
| eriodictyol | N/A | N/A | N/A | 1 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | 5.3 | N/A |
| N-containing compounts | ||||||||||
| caffeine | 1 | 0.5 | 0.4 | 1.4 | 2.2 | 1 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 2.1 | 3.5 |
| cinchonidine | 1 | 1.1 | 1.0 | 1.2 | 1.0 | 1 | 1.1 | 0.4 | 0.1 | 1.1 |
| theobromine | 1 | 0.8 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.8 | 1 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.8 | 2.2 |
| portulacaxanthin | 1 | 4.0 | 9.0 | 26.2 | 0.5 | 1 | 0.6 | 2.4 | 8.4 | 1.2 |
| Terpenes | ||||||||||
| oleanolic acid | 1 | 0.3 | 0.6 | 2.4 | 0.9 | 1 | 0.1 | 0.0 | 1.8 | 0.7 |
| ursolic acid | 1 | 0.3 | 0.6 | 2.4 | 0.9 | 1 | 0.1 | 0.0 | 1.8 | 0.7 |
| menthone | 1 | 0.4 | 0.7 | 2.0 | 1.1 | 1 | 0.7 | 0.8 | 0.9 | 0.8 |
| Sterols | ||||||||||
| desmosterol | 1 | 1.2 | 1.3 | 0.7 | 0.6 | 1 | 1.2 | 1.0 | 0.6 | 0.5 |
| Fatty acids | ||||||||||
| myristoleic | 1 | 0.4 | 0.5 | 0.6 | 1.8 | 1 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 1.3 | 8.0 |
| octadecanoic acid | 1 | 0.6 | 0.8 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 1 | 1.1 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 1.8 |
| oleic acid | 1 | 0.6 | 0.5 | 0.8 | 0.6 | 1 | 0.7 | 1.1 | 2.9 | 2.0 |
| palmitoleic acid | 1 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.6 | 1.4 | 1 | 1.1 | 1.0 | 1.4 | 6.9 |
| pentadecanoic acid | 1 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.6 | 1.2 | 1 | 0.9 | 0.7 | 1.1 | 2.8 |
| glycerol tributanoate | 1 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.7 | 1.0 | 1 | 1.0 | 2.6 | 2.3 | 5.9 |
* Control: extracts from non-inoculated plants; AMF: extracts from AMF-inoculated plants (Greek isolate); AMF-D: extracts from AMF-inoculated plants (DAOM strain); R: extracts from Rhizobium-inoculated plants; R + D: extracts from Rhizobium–AMF double-inoculated plants.