Table 3. Sociodemographic, psychosocial, and cognitive characterization of the total sample divided by educational level (n = 419). FIBRA Study, 2016-2017.
Variables | Educational level | p-value | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Illiterate n = 57 (14%) |
1-4 n = 244 (58%) |
5-8 n = 68 (16%) |
9+ n = 50 (12%) |
|||
Age, n (%) | MD (IQR) | 81 (76-84) | 80 (77-82) | 78 (75-81.3) | 79.5 (77-83.8) | 0.058* |
Family income, n (%) | MD (IQR) | 1,874 (1,264-2,811) c,d | 2,000 (1,625-3,000) d | 2,500 (1,800-4,000) d,a | 4,000 (2,950-7,000) b,c,a | <0.001* |
Missing | 12 | 26 | 6 | 3 | ||
Live alone, n (%) | Yes | 8 (14%) | 41 (17%) | 14 (21%) | 14 (28%) | <0.001 ++ |
No | 36 (63%) | 144 (59%) | 39 (57%) | 20 (40%) | ||
Missing | 13 (23%) | 59 (24%) | 15 (22%) | 16 (32%) | ||
MMSE | MD (IQR) | 20 (18-23) b,c,d | 25 (23-27) c,d,a | 26 (25-27.3) b,d,a | 27 (26-28) b,c,a | <0.001* |
VF | MD (IQR) | 10 (8-12) c,d | 11 (9-14) | 12 (9.7-14.3) a | 12 (11-16.8) a | 0.005* |
CDT | MD (IQR) | 0 (0-1) b,c,d | 3 (1-4) d,a | 3 (2-4) a | 4 (2-5) b,a | <0.001* |
Missing | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | ||
Episodic memory | MD (IQR) | 0 (0-3) b,c,d | 2 (1-5) d,a | 3 (1-5) a | 5 (3-6) b,a | <0.001* |
Missing | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | ||
Neuroticism | MD (IQR) | 27.5 (23.8-33.3) | 26.5 (21-31) | 24.5 (20-29) | 25 (20-30) | 0.229* |
Missing | 1 | 12 | 6 | 1 | ||
PiL | MD (IQR) | 3.4 (3-3.9) | 3.6 (3.1-4) | 3.7 (3.2-4) | 3.8 (3.2-4.3) | 0.183* |
Missing | 3 | 10 | 3 | 1 | ||
GDS, n (%) | ≥6 | 12 (21%) | 49 (20%) | 12 (18%) | 9 (18%) |
0.972
++
0.211* |
≤5 | 45 (79%) | 195 (80%) | 56 (82%) | 41 (82%) | ||
MD (IQR) | 3 (2-5) | 3 (2-5) | 2 (1-4.2) | 2 (1-4) |
Abbreviations: CDT, Clock Drawing Test; GDS, Geriatric Depression Scale; IQR, interquartile range; MD, median; MMSE, Mini-Mental State Examination; n, sample size; PiL, Purpose in Life; VF, Verbal Fluence (animal category).
Notes: *Kruskal-Wallis test (with post hoc comparisons, Dwass-Steel-Critchlow-Fligner [DSCF]); ++ Qui-square test; p-value < 0.05 shows statistical significance. a = different from illiterates (p < 0.05); b = different from 1-4 years (p < 0.05); c = different from 5-8 years (p < 0.05); d = different from 9+ years (p < 0.05).