Fig. 1.
Enhanced PFS and suppression of gastric cancer cell growth using combined PPC and OXA therapy. A Progression-free survival (PFS) comparison between patients with gastric cancer treated with and without PPC. B CCK-8 assay showing cell proliferation in AGS (left) and HGC-27 (right) cells, with and without PPC. C Evaluation of cell colony formation in the presence or absence of PPC, with quantification of colonies for each group. D Live/dead assay illustrating live (green) and dead (red) cells in the OXA group versus the OXA+PPC group over 24 h. Scale bar = 400 μm. E-F HGC-27 cells were introduced into nude mice (n = 5 per group). Upon reaching a tumour volume of 100 mm3, mice received intraperitoneal injections of PBS and OXA (10 mg/kg), with or without PPC (30 mg/kg). Tumour dimensions and mouse weights were measured every 4 days, starting from the 10th day post-injection. Tumour tissues underwent haematoxylin and eosin staining for confirmation. Scale bar = 100 μm. Data are depicted as mean ± standard deviation (SD) (*P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001, ****P < 0.0001).