Table 4.
Levels of selected micronutrients and their impact on cancer survival.
| Study | Group (n) | Element | Survival | Cancer | Sample |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Kornitzer et al. 2003 [14] | 139 | Se (≤72 vs. ≥85 μg/L *) | HR = 2.2; 95% CI = 1.3–3.7; p = 0.011 | All | Blood serum |
| Lubiński et al. 2018 [9] | 296 | Se (<50 vs. >66.8 μg/L *) | HR = 3.07; 95% CI = 1.59–5.94; p = 0.0009 | Laryngeal | Blood serum |
| Lubiński et al. 2018 [10] | 546 | Se (<81.0 vs. >81.0 μg/L *) | HR = 2.49; 95% CI = 1.53–4.04; p = 0.0002 | Breast | Blood serum |
| Pietrzak et al. 2019 [11] | 302 | Se (<57.91 vs. >69 μg/L *) | HR = 2.73; 95% CI = 1.21–6.11; p = 0.01) | Lung | Blood serum |
| Sandsveden et al. 2020 [15] | 1066 | Se (≤81 vs. ≥100.01 μg/L *) | HR = 1.67; 95% CI = 0.37–0.98 | Breast | Blood serum |
| Baker et al. 2021 [16] | 995 | Se (≤67.5 vs. ≥100 μg/L *) | HR = 1.37; 95% CI = 0.98–1.92; p = 0.06 | Colorectal | Blood serum |
| Rogoża-Janiszewska et al. 2021 [12] | 375 | Se (<76.23 vs. >96.15 μg/L *) | HR = 5.83; 95% CI = 1.32–25.8; p = 0.02 | Melanoma | Blood serum |
| Szwiec et al. 2021 [13] | 538 | Se (52.1–76.7 vs. 94.7–171.5 μg/L *) | HR = 2.31; 95% CI = 1.24–4.31; p = 0.008 | Breast | Blood serum |
| Lubiński et al. 2021 [17] | 300 | Zn (<579 vs. >688 μg/L *) | HR = 2.32;95% CI = 1.47–3.69; p < 0.01 | Laryngeal | Blood serum |
| Sukiennicki et al. 2021 [5] | 200 | Fe (<959.92 vs. >1628.62μg/L *) | HR = 1.67; 95% CI = 0.96–2.86; p = 0.07 | Lung | Blood serum |
| Lin et al. 2021 [6] | 747 | Fe (≤15.3 vs. >15.3 μmol/L *) | HR = 1.39; 95% CI = 1.11–1.92 | Oral | Blood serum |
| Rowińska et al. 2022 [7] | 375 | Fe (<893.05 vs. ≥1348.63 μg/L *) | HR = 4.66; 95% CI = 1.28–16.9; p = 0.019 | Melanoma | Blood serum |
| Pietrzak et al. 2021 [8] | 336 | Cd (<0.57 * vs. >1.97 μg/L) | HR = 7.36; 95% CI: 2.14–25.25; p < 0.01 | Lung | Blood |
| Hg (<0.44 vs. >1.30 μg/L *) | HR = 1.55; 95% CI = 1.03–2.34; p = 0.04 |
HR—hazard ratio; CI—confidence interval; *—reference group.