Table 2.

Probiotics from food and their benefits.

Genus	Found in the Body	Dietary Source	Potential Benefits	References
Lactobacillus	Colon, gut, and vagina	Yogurt, fermented foods, bread, sauerkraut, wine, cereals (oat bran, whole grain etc.)	Gastroenteritis, easing lactose intolerance, immune system modulation, cancer protection, modulating brain activity, alleviating inflammation, lowering cholesterol, preventing pathogen colonization, bile resistant	[213,214,215,216,217,218]
Bifidobacterium	Breast milk, oral cavity, colon, and vagina	Yogurt, kefir, kombucha, sauerkraut	Bile resistant, antibiotic-associated diarrhea, eczema, immune system modulation, cholesterol-lowering abilities	[219,220,221,222]
Saccharomyces	Decaying fruit, plants, soil, insects, colon	Yogurt, wine, kombucha, sauerkraut	Antibiotic-associated diarrhea, preventing recurring Clostridium difficile infections, irritable bowel syndrome, travelers’ diarrhea	[223,224,225]
Escherichia coli	Colon	Capsules	Production of defensin, tight-junction protein modification, irritable bowel disorder, constipation, pro-inflammatory properties, antagonistic properties against a variety of pathogens, colon cancer	[226,227,228]