Table 1.

The performance of existing algorithms is shown.

No.	Existing Algorithms	Advantages	Drawbacks
1.	YOLO_SORT	Efficient tracking of multiple objects.	Susceptibility to identity switches in crowded scenes.
2.	CenterNet_ DeepSORT	Improved tracking accuracy through deep learning.	May struggle with occlusions in crowded scenes.
3.	YOLOv4_DeepSORT	Enhanced tracking accuracy with Kalman filter integration.	Increased computational complexity due to filter usage and struggle with occlusions.
4.	Probability Gradient Pattern (PGP)	Offers robustness to noise and varying illumination.	Limited effectiveness in scenes with complex backgrounds and extensive occlusions.
5.	LIBS_GMM	Effective in changing lighting conditions	Limited capability to handle complex background scenes with extensive occlusions.