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. 2024 Feb 8;24(4):1123. doi: 10.3390/s24041123

Table 2.

The summary of temporospatial gait CFs for the eight different gait activities.

Temporospatial Gait Clinical Features (CFs)
Activities Case Value SP (%) SF SL (%) TP (106) VP (%) MP (%) AP (%) FI (103)
TD Mean 0.35 1.29 0.27 64.84 28.45 36.24 35.31 11.54
(SD) (0.06) (0.19) (0.02) (48.52) (4.07) (7.22) (5.45) (8.94)
SC-L1 DMD Mean 0.26 1.12 0.23 62.0 27.82 42.1 30.08 5.79
(SD) (0.1) (0.32) (0.04) (92.77) (5.48) (6.17) (4.36) (6.95)
p-value 0.0077 0.093 0.0004 0.9172 0.7246 0.0239 0.0072 0.0594
TD Mean 0.55 1.62 0.34 155.3 31.48 34.29 34.23 16.02
(SD) (0.07) (0.16) (0.02) (104.07) (7.78) (8.4) (5.63) (13.4)
SC-L2 DMD Mean 0.46 1.58 0.29 170.27 28.25 40.16 31.59 9.85
(SD) (0.12) (0.31) (0.03) (179.9) (6.2) (6.8) (6.63) (11.03)
p-value 0.0139 0.6133 <0.0001 0.7823 0.22 0.0445 0.2487 0.1801
TD Mean 0.76 1.89 0.4 355.84 36.93 31.36 31.7 19.54
(SD) (0.12) (0.23) (0.02) (255.55) (10.22) (7.9) (5.72) (16.06)
SC-L3 DMD Mean 0.63 1.89 0.33 334.35 30.16 39.32 30.52 14.05
(SD) (0.1) (0.24) (0.03) (317.31) (5.98) (7.48) (5.79) (13.76)
p-value 0.0024 0.9457 <0.0001 0.8396 0.0348 0.0085 0.5786 0.323
TD Mean 1.28 2.55 0.5 1907.94 38.92 30.94 30.14 58.39
(SD) (0.24) (0.32) (0.04) (1690.83) (8.75) (8.73) (5.84) (58.04)
SC-L4 DMD Mean 0.94 2.4 0.39 1807.78 29.07 40.11 30.83 49.58
(SD) (0.28) (0.51) (0.06) (3060.77) (10.71) (9.29) (3.86) (65.31)
p-value 0.0016 0.3496 <0.0001 0.9125 0.0101 0.0095 0.7091 0.6992
TD Mean 2.44 3.61 0.67 9219.81 50.13 21.53 28.34 93.53
(SD) (0.48) (0.52) (0.09) (6775.47) (8.93) (10.08) (10.09) (71.93)
SC-L5 DMD Mean 1.22 2.82 0.42 4235.65 35.67 35.01 29.32 68.55
(SD) (0.48) (0.73) (0.07) (5913.64) (13.68) (10.86) (9.18) (88.33)
p-value <0.0001 0.002 <0.0001 0.0406 0.0019 0.0015 0.7822 0.4029
TD Mean 1.18 2.36 0.5 1521.86 41.68 29.51 28.81 915.74
(SD) (0.11) (0.17) (0.03) (1054.76) (11.07) (9.01) (6.71) (677.16)
6MWT DMD Mean 0.79 2.05 0.38 992.04 31.61 38.79 29.6 840.77
(SD) (0.25) (0.39) (0.06) (1441.95) (6.02) (6.93) (5.46) (1210.56)
p-value <0.0001 0.0088 <0.0001 0.2664 0.0056 0.0046 0.7327 0.837
TD Mean 2.27 3.39 0.67 8402.12 52.89 18.05 29.06 480.5
(SD) (0.4) (0.47) (0.08) (5348.93) (8.86) (9.36) (10.53) (410.11)
100MRW DMD Mean 1.1 2.57 0.42 2944.45 39.68 34.82 25.51 599.57
(SD) (0.42) (0.67) (0.07) (5073.6) (17.19) (12.28) (7.58) (955.96)
p-value <0.0001 0.0013 <0.0001 0.0148 0.0172 0.0006 0.3512 0.6685
TD Mean 0.83 1.96 0.42 617.5 41.38 28.46 30.17 321.34
(SD) (0.16) (0.29) (0.04) (478.61) (8.92) (7.49) (4.87) (263.17)
FW DMD Mean 0.61 1.83 0.33 529.12 32.87 36.47 30.66 638.46
(SD) (0.18) (0.42) (0.06) (983.01) (8.51) (6.99) (7.19) (1252.37)
p-value 0.0015 0.3626 <0.0001 0.7565 0.0124 0.0052 0.826 0.3454
TD Mean 1.21 2.33 0.47 2780.65 40.23 28.8 30.97 239.57
(SD) (0.76) (0.83) (0.14) (4680.29) (11.6) (10.13) (7.35) (417.76)
All DMD Mean 0.74 2.01 0.35 1333.61 31.62 38.47 29.91 262.26
(SD) (0.4) (0.69) (0.08) (3175.88) (10.1) (8.54) (6.43) (740.37)
p-value <0.0001 0.0016 <0.0001 0.0062 <0.0001 <0.0001 0.2423 0.7714

Note: Bold numbers in the table indicate statistical significance, with the level set at 0.05. SP: speed in meters per second normalized by height in meters. TP: total power with a unit of 10−6 W/kg. SF: step frequency with a unit of step/second. SL: step length as a percentage of standing height. MP: the percentage of power in the x-axis normalized by total power TP (%). AP: the percentage of power in the y-axis normalized by total power TP (%). VP: the percentage of power in the z-axis normalized by total power TP (%). FI: force index with a unit of 10−3 N/kg.