Figure 4.

Analysis of the expression pattern of type III secretion system-related virulence genes in Ralstonia pseudosolanacearum upon treatment with three active substances. The graphic illustrates the effects of erucamide, oleamide, and camphor bromide (1.5 mg·mL⁻¹) on the transcription levels of several key genes associated with the hrp gene cluster: hrpB (A), hrpX (B), hrpF (C). Additionally, it demonstrates their influence on the expression of T3Es related genes, including ripAW (D), ripAE (E), Rs5-1997 (F), Rs5-4819 (G), and Rs5-4374 (H) in R. pseudosolanacearum. The ethanol solvent control (CK) was utilized as a reference. Post hoc comparisons based on Duncan’s multiple range test after a one-way analysis of variance showing means for treatment groups differing significantly (p < 0.05); same letters indicate no significant difference.