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. 2024 Feb 12;14(4):350. doi: 10.3390/nano14040350
E Euclidean space λc Nonlocal parameter
L Length of FG nanobeam νB, νS Poisson’s ratios of the bulk and surface layer
Σ Generic cross-section n material gradient index
∂Σ Perimeter of Σ Ec Young’s modulus ceramic
{O,x,y, z} Cartesian coordinate system Em Young’s modulus metal
O Geometric center of Σ ρc Mass density of ceramic
x Axis of FG nanobeam ρm Mass density of metal
y, z Principal axes of geometric inertia of Σ EcS Surface Young modulus of ceramic
b, h Width and thickness Σ EmS Surface Young modulus of metal
R Radius of Σ ρcS Surface mass density of ceramic
B, S Bulk and surface layers of FG material ρmS Surface mass density of metal
E Euclidean space τcS Residual surface stress of ceramic
L Length of FG nanobeam τmS Residual surface stress of metal