Table 1.
Typical examples of drug-loaded electrospun fibers.
| Release Mode | Fluid Composition | Spinning Condition | Loaded Drug | Released Time (h) |
Application | Ref. | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Core | Middle | Sheath | Voltage (kV) |
Core-to-Sheath Velocity Ratio (ml/h) |
|||||
| Quick release | CA, PEG, RUT | / | CA, PEG, QUE | 25 | 3.0; 3.0 | Quercetin (QUE); Rutin (RUT) | 6 | Cervical cancer treatment and wound dressing | [58] |
| PVP, AB, VAL | / | / | 15 | 1.3 | Amlodipine besylate; Valsartan | 0.1 | Hypertension treatment | [66] | |
| PVA, SP, AGN | / | / | 25 | 1.0 | Angelica gigas Nakai (AGN) | 0.25 | Oral patch, instant pad preparation for oral cancer | [67] | |
| Sustained release | CA, MET | CA, MET | Acetone; DMAc; Ethanol | 15 | 0–2.0; 2.0–0; 0.5 | Metformin hydrochloride (MET) | 23.4 | Type II diabetes | [68] |
| PLA | / | / | 15 | 1.5 | Theophylline | 288 | Treatment of bronchial asthma, asthmatic bronchitis, and obstructive emphysema | [62] | |
| CA, EC | / | / | 15 | 0.5–1.0 | Ketoprofen (KET) | 500 | Anti-inflammatory action | [69] | |
| EC; Berberine hydrochloride | / | Glycerol Monostearate | 16 | 1.5; 0.5 | Berberine hydrochloride | 32 | Dysentery, cancer, diabetes, and hyperlipidemia | [70] | |
| ACY | ACY, CA | CA | 14 | 0; 0.3; 1.0/0.3; 1.0; 0.3 | Acyclovir (ACY) | 42 | Antiviral treatment | [71] | |
| FA; Gliadin | CA | Acetone; Acetate Acid | 15 | 2; 0–0.5; 0.3 | Ferulic acid (FA) | 40 | Cancer, diabetes, and antioxidants | [72] | |
| Biphasic release | PAN, ACY | / | ACY | 18 | 1.5–2.0; 0.5–0 | Acyclovir (ACY) | 16 | Various infections caused by herpes simplex virus | [9] |
| CIP | / | CA | 16 | 0.5; 0–0.1 | Ciprofloxacin (CIP) | 24 | Biphasic drug-controlled release | [28] | |
| PVP | PCL, CF:TFE (3:1) |
PCL, TFE | 15 | 0–0.08; 0.4–1.2; 0.2–0.4 | Dyes: key acid blue (KAB); key acid uranine (KAU) | 24 | Wound dressing and cancer treatment | [56] | |
| Targeted release | DS; Ethanol | ES100; DMAc | Ethanol | 5 | 0–0.4; 3.0–1.6; 0–1.0 | Diclofenac sodium (DS) |
24 | Oral administration, colonic biofilm penetration | [14] |
| PEO, CUR, 80% Ethanol | Ethanol | Shellac; Ethanol | 6 | 0.6; 0.2; 0.2–0.6 | Curcumin (CUR) | 72 | Oral colonic administration; microbead fibers serve as drug repositories | [65] | |
| EC, KET | EC, KET | EC, KET | 12 | 0.2; 0.5; 2 | Ketoprofen (KET) | 20 | Incorporated into the intestinal sol capsule, released linearly, and administered orally | [73] | |