Table 2.

Hubble-to-Webb results. All results are obtained on a validation set of Galaxy Cluster SMACS 0723.

Method	MSE ↓	SSIM ↑	PSNR ↑	LPIPS ↓	FID ↓
unpaired
CycleGAN	0.010	0.83	20.11	0.48	128.12
paired: synchronization with respect to celestial coordinates
Pix2Pix	0.007	0.87	21.37	0.5	102.61
TURBO	0.008	0.85	20.87	0.49	98.41
DDPM (Palette)	0.003	0.88	25.36	0.43	51.2
paired: global synchronization
Pix2Pix	0.003	0.92	25.85	0.46	55.69
TURBO	0.003	0.91	25.08	0.45	48.57
DDPM (Palette)	0.002	0.94	28.12	0.45	43.97
paired: local synchronization
Pix2Pix	0.002	0.93	26.78	0.44	54.58
TURBO	0.003	0.92	25.88	0.41	43.36
DDPM (Palette)	0.001	0.95	29.12	0.44	30.08