Table 4.
Maternal and labor-related characteristics and neonatal outcomes of shoulder dystocia cases with and without maneuvers. Data are percentages (%) unless otherwise specified
| Variable | Shoulder dystocia with maneuvers n = 309) | Shoulder dystocia without maneuvers (n = 228) | OR/mean differencea (95% CI) | p |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nulliparous | 47.2 | 41.2 | 1.28 (0.90–1.80) | 0.19 |
| Multiparous | 52.8 | 58.2 | 0.78 (0.55–1.11) | 0.19 |
| Any diabetes type | 25.2 | 16.7 | 1.69 (1.10–2.60) | 0.019 |
| Vacuum extraction | 47.6 | 32.5 | 1.89 (1.32–2.70) | 0.001 |
| –Nulliparous | 72.6 | 57.4 | 1.96 (1.14–3.39) | 0.017 |
| –Multiparous | 25.2 | 14.9 | 1.91 (1.06–3.46) | 0.031 |
| Erb’s palsy | 45.0 | 52.2 | 0.75 (0.53–1.05) | 0.097 |
| Clavicle fracture | 34.6 | 62.3 | 0.32 (0.22–0.45) | < 0.001 |
NA, not applicable
All p values were calculated by comparing shoulder dystocia cases with maneuvers to shoulder dystocia cases without maneuvers
aMean difference