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. 2023 Apr 24;33(3):871–879. doi: 10.1007/s00787-023-02211-x

Table 1.

Descriptive information on mental health symptoms, stressful life events and wetting in the imputed sample

Total (n = 6408) Males (n = 3143) Females (n = 3265) Sex differences
% SE % SE % SE OR (95% CI) p
Age 7
 Separation anxiety 6.59 0.31 6.84 0.45 6.34 0.43 0.93 (0.77, 1.12) 0.417
 Phobia 11.56 0.40 10.45 0.55 12.62 0.58 1.21 (1.05, 1.38) 0.007
 Social anxiety 5.13 0.28 6.05 0.43 4.25 0.36 0.70 (0.57, 0.87) 0.001
 PTSD 2.99 0.21 2.77 0.29 3.20 0.31 1.16 (0.87, 1.53) 0.310
 OCD 7.12 0.33 7.90 0.49 6.36 0.43 0.80 (0.67, 0.96) 0.018
 GAD 8.03 0.34 8.32 0.50 7.74 0.47 0.93 (0.79, 1.10) 0.394
 Depression 11.12 0.40 10.21 0.55 12.00 0.58 1.17 (1.02, 1.35) 0.026
 ADHD 13.13 0.42 16.54 0.67 9.86 0.53 0.60 (0.52, 0.68)  < 0.001
 ODD 5.24 0.28 6.89 0.45 3.66 0.33 0.53 (0.43, 0.66)  < 0.001
 Conduct disorder 5.85 0.30 6.49 0.44 5.22 0.39 0.80 (0.66, 0.98) 0.031
Age 7–8
 Stressful life events 17.77 0.52 17.12 0.74 18.40 0.73 1.08 (0.96, 1.21) 0.216
Age 9
 Wetting (day or night) 4.53 0.29 4.92 0.43 4.16 0.38 0.84 (0.66, 1.09) 0.187

PTSD post-traumatic stress disorder, OCD obsessive–compulsive disorder, GAD generalised anxiety disorder, ADHD attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, ODD oppositional defiant disorder, SE standard error