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. 2024 Feb 24;7:227. doi: 10.1038/s42003-024-05898-z

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© The Author(s) 2024

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 5 — A Volcano plot showing the expression of differentially expressed genes in siCTL + EPC vs. siSMAD1/5 + EPC treated endometrial stromal cells (using a cutoff of Log 2 FC > 0.30, < −0.30, FDR < 0.05). Blue indicates genes that are down-regulated in siSMAD1/5 + EPC vs. siCTL + EPC, red indicates genes that are increased. (n = 1 individual without endometriosis). B Dot plot showing the enrichment of genes in key signaling pathways after SMAD1/5 knockdown. C Heatmap showing the expression and functional classification of key genes following SMAD1/5 knockdown + EPC versus siCTL + EPC treatment (n = 3 individuals without endometriosis). D The Binding and expression target analysis program was used to integrate SMAD4 binding peaks with the transcriptional changes after SMAD1/5 knockdown in EPC-treated endometrial stromal cells. Dotplot displays the gene ontology classification of genes that were activated by SMAD1/5 (i.e., were downregulated by SMAD1/5 and have a SMAD4 binding site). E Motif analysis was performed on the group genes identified to be SMAD1/5/4 direct targets and displayed as “uptargets” (genes that were increased after SMAD1/5 knockdown and had a SMAD4 peak) or as “downtargets” (genes that were downregulated after SMAD1/5 knockdown and had a SMAD4 peak).