Table 2. Clinical characteristics of patients at the initial glioblastoma diagnosis.
TMZ: temozolomide, LITT: laser interstitial thermal therapy, GTV: gross total volume, CTV: clinical target volume, PTV: planning target volume
| Characteristics | Overall (N=95) | Control (N=45) | Reirradiation (N=50) | P-value |
| Gender: Male | 57 (60.0%) | 23 (51.5%) | 34 (68.0%) | 0.14 |
| Age at diagnosis | 58.8 (14.4) | 61.2 (12.6) | 56.7 (15.2) | 0.13 |
| Focality: Unifocal | 76 (80.0%) | 34 (75.6%) | 42 (84.0%) | 0.44 |
| MGMT methylation: Yes | 30 (32 %) | 15 (33%) | 15 (30%) | 0.85 |
| IDH1: Wild type | 74 (78 %) | 36 (80 %) | 38 (76%) | 0.77 |
| Tumor laterality | - | - | - | 0.66 |
| Bilateral | 7 (7.4%) | 3 (6.7%) | 4 (8.0%) | |
| Left | 42 (44.2%) | 18 (40.0%) | 24 (48.0%) | |
| Right | 46 (48.4%) | 24 (53.3%) | 22 (44.0%) | |
| Cerebral location | - | - | - | - |
| Frontal | 39 (41.1%) | 19 (42.2%) | 20 (40.0%) | 0.99 |
| Temporal | 30 (31.6%) | 16 (35.6%) | 14 (28.0%) | 0.57 |
| Parietal | 20 (21.1%) | 9 (20.0%) | 11 (22.0%) | 1.00 |
| Occipital | 13 (13.7%) | 7 (15.6%) | 6 (12.0%) | 0.84 |
| Cerebellum | 1 (1.1%) | 0 (0.0%) | 1 (2.0%) | 1.00 |
| Brainstem/thalamus/basal ganglia | 9 (9.5%) | 5 (11.1%) | 4 (8.0%) | 0.87 |
| Extent of resection | - | - | - | 0.85 |
| Biopsy | 22 (23.2%) | 10 (22.2%) | 12 (24.0%) | |
| Gross total resection | 44 (46.3%) | 20 (44.4%) | 24 (48.0%) | |
| Subtotal resection | 29 (30.5%) | 15 (33.3%) | 14 (28.0%) | |
| LITT during surgery: Yes | 6 (6.3%) | 5 (11.1%) | 1 (2.0%) | 0.16 |
| Dexamethasone during initial radiation: Yes | 50 (52.6%) | 25 (55.6%) | 25 (50.0%) | 0.74 |
| Bevacizumab concurrent with initial radiation: Yes | 5 (5.3%) | 2 (4.4%) | 3 (6.0%) | 1.00 |
| Bevacizumab at all: Yes | 44 (46.3%) | 13 (28.9%) | 31 (62.0%) | 0.002 |
| Optune® initially prescribed: Yes | 2 (2.1%) | 1 (2.2%) | 1 (2.0%) | 1.00 |
| Optune® ever during their course of treatment: Yes | 31 (32.6%) | 14 (31.1%) | 17 (34.0%) | 0.94 |
| Initial radiation volumes (cm3) | - | - | - | - |
| GTV6000 | 38.2 (40.1) | 44.0 (48.9) | 31.5 (26.2) | 0.16 |
| CTV6000 | 128.5 (120.8) | 151.9 (151.8) | 101.3 (61.1) | 0.06 |
| PTV6000 | 156.5 (94.9) | 171.1 (107.3) | 141.9 (79.1) | 0.16 |
| GTV5400 | 69.9 (188.5) | 76.6 (185.3) | 62.2 (194.6) | 0.75 |
| CTV5400 | 265.2 (241.2) | 273.5 (235.8) | 255.9 (250.1) | 0.76 |
| PTV5400 | 337.9 (258.0) | 349.7 (258.2) | 325.9 (260.7) | 0.69 |
| ECOG performance status | - | - | - | 0.17 |
| 0 | 11 (11.6%) | 8 (17.8%) | 3 (6.0%) | |
| 1 | 66 (69.5%) | 28 (62.2%) | 38 (76.0%) | |
| ≥2 | 18 (18.9%) | 9 (20.0%) | 9 (18.0%) | |
| Number of radiation treatments at diagnosis | 28.9 (4.0) | 28.6 (4.6) | 29.3 (3.4) | 0.42 |
| TMZ discontinued due to toxicity: Yes | 17 (17.9%) | 13 (28.9%) | 4 (8.0%) | 0.02 |