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. 2024 Jan 26;16(1):e53001. doi: 10.7759/cureus.53001

Table 2. Clinical characteristics of patients at the initial glioblastoma diagnosis.

TMZ: temozolomide, LITT: laser interstitial thermal therapy, GTV: gross total volume, CTV: clinical target volume, PTV: planning target volume

Characteristics Overall (N=95) Control (N=45) Reirradiation (N=50) P-value
Gender: Male 57 (60.0%) 23 (51.5%) 34 (68.0%) 0.14
Age at diagnosis 58.8 (14.4) 61.2 (12.6) 56.7 (15.2) 0.13
Focality: Unifocal 76 (80.0%) 34 (75.6%) 42 (84.0%) 0.44
MGMT methylation: Yes 30 (32 %) 15 (33%) 15 (30%) 0.85
IDH1: Wild type 74 (78 %) 36 (80 %) 38 (76%) 0.77
Tumor laterality - - - 0.66
   Bilateral 7 (7.4%) 3 (6.7%) 4 (8.0%)
   Left 42 (44.2%) 18 (40.0%) 24 (48.0%)
   Right 46 (48.4%) 24 (53.3%) 22 (44.0%)
Cerebral location - - - -
   Frontal 39 (41.1%) 19 (42.2%) 20 (40.0%) 0.99
   Temporal 30 (31.6%) 16 (35.6%) 14 (28.0%) 0.57
   Parietal 20 (21.1%) 9 (20.0%) 11 (22.0%) 1.00
   Occipital 13 (13.7%) 7 (15.6%) 6 (12.0%) 0.84
Cerebellum 1 (1.1%) 0 (0.0%) 1 (2.0%) 1.00
Brainstem/thalamus/basal ganglia 9 (9.5%) 5 (11.1%) 4 (8.0%) 0.87
Extent of resection - - - 0.85
   Biopsy 22 (23.2%) 10 (22.2%) 12 (24.0%)
   Gross total resection 44 (46.3%) 20 (44.4%) 24 (48.0%)
   Subtotal resection 29 (30.5%) 15 (33.3%) 14 (28.0%)
LITT during surgery: Yes 6 (6.3%) 5 (11.1%) 1 (2.0%) 0.16
Dexamethasone during initial radiation: Yes 50 (52.6%) 25 (55.6%) 25 (50.0%) 0.74
Bevacizumab concurrent with initial radiation: Yes 5 (5.3%) 2 (4.4%) 3 (6.0%) 1.00
Bevacizumab at all: Yes 44 (46.3%) 13 (28.9%) 31 (62.0%) 0.002
Optune® initially prescribed: Yes 2 (2.1%) 1 (2.2%) 1 (2.0%) 1.00
Optune® ever during their course of treatment: Yes 31 (32.6%) 14 (31.1%) 17 (34.0%) 0.94
Initial radiation volumes (cm3)    -    -      -    -
   GTV6000 38.2 (40.1) 44.0 (48.9) 31.5 (26.2) 0.16
   CTV6000 128.5 (120.8) 151.9 (151.8) 101.3 (61.1) 0.06
   PTV6000 156.5 (94.9) 171.1 (107.3) 141.9 (79.1) 0.16
   GTV5400 69.9 (188.5) 76.6 (185.3) 62.2 (194.6) 0.75
   CTV5400 265.2 (241.2) 273.5 (235.8) 255.9 (250.1) 0.76
   PTV5400 337.9 (258.0) 349.7 (258.2) 325.9 (260.7) 0.69
ECOG performance status - - - 0.17
   0 11 (11.6%) 8 (17.8%) 3 (6.0%)
   1 66 (69.5%) 28 (62.2%) 38 (76.0%)
   ≥2 18 (18.9%) 9 (20.0%) 9 (18.0%)
Number of radiation treatments at diagnosis 28.9 (4.0) 28.6 (4.6) 29.3 (3.4) 0.42
TMZ discontinued due to toxicity: Yes 17 (17.9%) 13 (28.9%) 4 (8.0%) 0.02