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. 2023 Nov 30;73(3):470–484. doi: 10.1136/gutjnl-2023-330243

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© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2024. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.

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Overexpression of achaete scute-like 2 (ASCL2) and protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type O (PTPRO) confers colorectal cancer (CRC) stem-like cells metastatic phenotype. (A) The expression levels of ASCL2 and PTPRO across 14 epithelial cell subtypes. Dot size indicates the fraction of expressing cells and the colour represents normalised expression levels. (B) Stem-like signature score (left panel) and the expression levels of ASCL2 (middle panel) and PTPRO (right panel) based on spatial transcriptomic analysis of primary CRC sample from patient 2. (C) Immunofluorescence showing stem-like cells aggregate in a primary CRC sample. Scale bars, 50 μm. (D) The effect of ASCL2 depletion (shASCL2) on the expression level of PTPRO. (E) Comparison of PTPRO expression levels in peritoneal CRC metastasis and primary CRC tumour centre or invasive front (from GSE75117 dataset). P values were determined by Wilcoxon rank-sum tests. (F) Kaplan-Meier estimation of overall survival time in patients with microsatellite stable CRC by the expression level of PTPRO. (G) The effect of PTPRO depletion (shPTPRO) on CRC cell migration and invasion abilities. (H) The effect of PTPRO expression change (shPTPRO) on CRC cell sphere-propagating capacity. Data in (G) and (H) are mean±SD from three independent experiments, *p<0.05, **p<0.01, ***p<0.001 were determined by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) test with Dunnett’s T3 multiple-comparison. IF, invasive front; ns, not significant; PM, peritoneal metastasis; TC, tumour centre.